Kleinman C S, Donnerstein R L, DeVore G R, Jaffe C C, Lynch D C, Berkowitz R L, Talner N S, Hobbins J C
N Engl J Med. 1982 Mar 11;306(10):568-75. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198203113061003.
Thirteen fetuses with nonimmune hydrops (22 to 39 weeks of gestation) were evaluated with two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography. Ten fetuses had cardiovascular abnormalities resulting in heart failure, and three had noncardiac causes of hydrops. In three cases, hydrops was caused by supraventricular tachycardia. One of these fetuses responded to cardioversion at birth, another responded to transplacental digoxin therapy, and the third died with atrial flutter and high-grade atrioventricular block before delivery. There were no cases of "idiopathic" hydrops. Our results show that fetal echocardiography is useful in determining cardiac causes of in utero heart failure resulting in hydrops fetalis. The fetal echocardiogram may also be used in monitoring transplacental therapy of heart failure.
对13例非免疫性水肿胎儿（妊娠22至39周）进行了二维和M型超声心动图检查。10例胎儿存在导致心力衰竭的心血管异常，3例胎儿水肿由非心脏原因引起。3例水肿由室上性心动过速所致。其中1例胎儿出生时对心脏复律有反应，另1例对经胎盘给予地高辛治疗有反应，第3例在分娩前死于心房扑动和高度房室传导阻滞。无“特发性”水肿病例。我们的结果表明，胎儿超声心动图有助于确定导致胎儿水肿的宫内心力衰竭的心脏原因。胎儿超声心动图也可用于监测心力衰竭的经胎盘治疗。
