Hiller J L, Benda G I, Rahatzad M, Allen J R, Culver D H, Carlson C V, Reynolds J W
Pediatrics. 1986 Apr;77(4):500-6.
Benzyl alcohol preservative in intravascular flush solutions has been reported to cause neurologic deterioration and death in very low birth weight infants. Following the widespread discontinuation of the use of such solutions in newborns, scattered reports of decreased mortality and decreased incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage among small premature infants appeared in the pediatric literature. To better assess the true impact of benzyl alcohol toxicity in this group of infants, we undertook a detailed review of the medical records of all babies less than 1,250 g birth weight admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit for 13 months before and 13 months after the use of solutions containing benzyl alcohol was stopped. Significant decreases were found in both mortality rate (from 80.7% to 45.7%) and incidence of grade III/IV intraventricular hemorrhage (from 46% to 19%) among infants less than 1,000 g birth weight who did not receive the preservative compared with those who did. No significant changes were found in several other prenatal factors that could have contributed to this improvement in survival. We conclude that benzyl alcohol toxicity contributed significantly to both mortality and the occurrence of major intraventricular hemorrhage among infants weighing less than 1,000 g at birth and that solutions containing benzyl alcohol should never again be used in the care of such infants.
据报道，血管内冲洗液中的苯甲醇防腐剂可导致极低出生体重儿出现神经功能恶化和死亡。在新生儿中广泛停用此类溶液后，儿科文献中出现了一些关于小早产儿死亡率降低和脑室内出血发生率降低的零散报道。为了更好地评估苯甲醇毒性对这组婴儿的真正影响，我们对在停用含苯甲醇溶液之前13个月和之后13个月入住我们新生儿重症监护病房的所有出生体重小于1250克的婴儿的病历进行了详细审查。与接受该防腐剂的婴儿相比，未接受该防腐剂的出生体重小于1000克的婴儿的死亡率（从80.7%降至45.7%）和III/IV级脑室内出血发生率（从46%降至19%）均显著降低。在其他几个可能有助于改善生存率的产前因素方面未发现显著变化。我们得出结论，苯甲醇毒性对出生体重小于1000克的婴儿的死亡率和主要脑室内出血的发生均有显著影响，含苯甲醇的溶液不应再用于此类婴儿的护理。
