美国住院医师中的种族和民族多样性：2011 年至 2019 年的趋势。
Racial and Ethnic Diversity Within U.S. Residencies: Trends from 2011 to 2019.
机构信息
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Meharry Medical College School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
出版信息
J Surg Educ. 2022 May-Jun;79(3):587-594. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2022.01.005. Epub 2022 Feb 11.
OBJECTIVE
Examine trends in the proportion of underrepresented minority (URM) residents from 2011 to 2019 across all specialties and investigate differences between surgical and non-surgical specialties.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
SETTING
N/A.
PARTICIPANTS
The authors extracted data on the proportion of URM residents in all specialties from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education yearly reports.
RESULTS
There was a statistically significant decline in the proportion of URM residents in surgical specialties (p < 0.01) from 2011 (9.9%) to 2019 (9.1%) and a significant increase in the proportion of URM residents in non-surgical specialties (p < 0.01) from 2011 (9.6%) to 2019 (10.2%).
CONCLUSIONS
This study emphasizes the need to increase recruitment of URMs in medicine, especially in surgical specialties. Findings from this study can inform much-needed initiatives to address barriers to entry for diverse applicants within specialties that lack diversity and have shown minimal improvement over time.
目的
检查 2011 年至 2019 年期间所有专业中代表性不足的少数族裔（URM）居民比例的趋势，并调查外科和非外科专业之间的差异。
设计
横断面研究。
设置
无。
参与者
作者从研究生医学教育认证委员会的年度报告中提取了所有专业中 URM 居民比例的数据。
结果
外科专业 URM 居民的比例从 2011 年（9.9%）到 2019 年（9.1%）呈统计学显著下降（p < 0.01），而非外科专业 URM 居民的比例从 2011 年（9.6%）到 2019 年（10.2%）呈显著上升（p < 0.01）。
结论
本研究强调需要增加医学领域 URM 的招募，特别是在外科专业。本研究的结果可以为那些缺乏多样性且在时间上几乎没有改善的专业提供急需的举措，以解决多元化申请者进入专业的障碍。
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