From the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (U.T.A.), Baltimore, Maryland.
Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (D.S., A.W.S., F.W.), Baltimore, Maryland.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2022 Aug;240:260-264. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.03.006. Epub 2022 Mar 12.
The proportions of individuals who are underrepresented in medicine (URiM) in ophthalmology lag behind their proportions within the US population. Diversity trends have been studied in other specialties, but literature examining trends in ophthalmology is lacking. In this study, we investigate trends in the racial and ethnic demographics of ophthalmology residents and residency applicants.
Trend study.
Demographic data of all residency programs across all specialties were extracted from Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education yearly reports from 2011 to 2019. Data from 2016 to 2019 on ophthalmology match applicants were analyzed using the 2020 Ophthalmology Residency Match Summary Report and the 2020 Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology Residency Gender & Ethnicity Summary. Linear trends were examined by the Cochran-Armitage test.
From 2011 to 2019, the raw percentage of URiM ophthalmology residents increased from 4.7% (66/1419) to 5.8% (85/1473) (P < .001) whereas that of surgical specialties decreased from 9.9% (2164/21,967) to 9.1% (2370/26,082) (P < .001). The percentage of URiM ophthalmology match applicants increased from 5.9% (43/726) of all applicants to 11.8% (87/741) from 2016 to 2019 (P < .001), and the percentage of URiMs matching into ophthalmology increased from 4.9% (23/467) of all participants to 10.8% (52/484) from 2016 to 2019 (P < .001).
Although there has been a positive trend in the percentage of URiMs applying and matching into ophthalmology, a lack of racial and ethnic diversity relative to other specialties persists. Strategies are needed to increase diversity in the field.
在眼科学领域，代表性不足的个体（URiM）的比例落后于其在美国人口中的比例。其他专业已经研究了多样性趋势，但缺乏关于眼科学趋势的文献。在这项研究中，我们调查了眼科学住院医师和住院医师申请人的种族和民族人口统计学趋势。
趋势研究。
从 2011 年至 2019 年，从研究生医学教育认证委员会（Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education）的年度报告中提取了所有专业的住院医师项目的人口统计学数据。使用 2020 年眼科住院医师匹配摘要报告和 2020 年大学教授协会眼科住院医师性别和种族摘要分析了 2016 年至 2019 年的眼科匹配申请人数据。采用 Cochran-Armitage 检验检查线性趋势。
从 2011 年至 2019 年，URiM 眼科学住院医师的原始百分比从 4.7%（66/1419）增加到 5.8%（85/1473）（P<0.001），而外科专业的比例从 9.9%（2164/21,967）降至 9.1%（2370/26,082）（P<0.001）。URiM 眼科匹配申请人的百分比从 2016 年至 2019 年从所有申请人的 5.9%（43/726）增加到 11.8%（87/741）（P<0.001），而 URiMs 匹配到眼科的比例从 2016 年至 2019 年从所有参与者的 4.9%（23/467）增加到 10.8%（52/484）（P<0.001）。
尽管 URiM 申请和匹配到眼科的比例呈上升趋势，但与其他专业相比，种族和民族多样性仍然不足。需要制定策略来增加该领域的多样性。
