Tang Han, Xu Changsu, Wang Ziming, Wang Qi, Wang Jinwu
College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jan 28;13:814747. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.814747. eCollection 2022.
To solve multiple problems, such as the poor seeding process stability in the conventional finger-clip precision corn seed metering device and the inability to monitor the seeding effect, a long-belt finger-clip precision seed metering device was optimized and designed. The overall structure and working principle were described, and the mechanism of smooth transport and delivery was analyzed. A diffuse reflection photoelectric sensor and rectangular optical fiber sensor were used to monitor the number of corn seeds in the seeding process, and the states of multiple and miss seeding were calculated. A corn seeding quality monitoring system was designed. In this study, the seed metering performance of the long-belt finger-clip precision seed metering device was compared to that of the conventional finger-clip precision corn seed metering device. It was shown that the reseeding index, the miss-seeding index and the coefficient of variation can be effectively reduced with increasing seed metering tray speed. At the maximum speed of 65r/min, the qualified index increased from 75.75 to 84.70%, the reseeding index decreased from 13.66 to 8.49%, the miss-seeding index decreased from 10.59 to 6.81%, and the coefficient of variation decreased from 20.69 to 6.83%. The variations of these four evaluation parameters with the seed metering tray rotating speed were analyzed. Furthermore, the effects of the seeding frequency and seeding speed on the four evaluation parameters were studied through single factor and variance analyses. The results showed that the relative errors of the qualified index, the reseeding index, the miss-seeding index and the seeding amount increased gradually with the increase in the seed metering tray rotating speed, and the monitoring accuracy of the sensor decreased gradually. The accuracy of sensor monitoring decreased with increasing seeding frequency and seeding speed. This study provides an optimized scheme for the smooth delivery and movement of conventional seed metering devices and provides a technical reference for the development and design of monitoring systems with multiple index and the miss-seeding index of seed metering devices.
为解决传统指夹式精密玉米排种器播种过程稳定性差、无法监测播种效果等多重问题，对一种长带式指夹式精密排种器进行了优化设计。阐述了其整体结构及工作原理，并分析了其平稳输送与投种机理。采用漫反射光电传感器和矩形光纤传感器监测播种过程中玉米种子数量，计算得出多播和漏播状态，设计了玉米播种质量监测系统。本研究将长带式指夹式精密排种器的排种性能与传统指夹式精密玉米排种器的排种性能进行了比较。结果表明，随着排种盘转速的增加，重播指数、漏播指数和变异系数可有效降低。在最大转速65r/min时，合格指数从75.75%提高到84.70%，重播指数从13.66%降低到8.49%，漏播指数从10.59%降低到6.81%，变异系数从20.69%降低到6.83%。分析了这四个评价参数随排种盘转速的变化情况。此外，通过单因素分析和方差分析研究了播种频率和播种速度对这四个评价参数的影响。结果表明，合格指数、重播指数、漏播指数和播种量的相对误差随排种盘转速的增加而逐渐增大，传感器的监测精度逐渐降低。传感器监测精度随播种频率和播种速度的增加而降低。本研究为传统排种器的平稳输送与运行提供了优化方案，为多指标排种器监测系统及漏播指数的开发设计提供了技术参考。
