Qian Hong, Leprieur Fabien, Jin Yi, Wang Xianli, Deng Tao
Research and Collections Center Illinois State Museum Springfield Illinois USA.
MARBEC Université de Montpellier CNRS Ifremer IRD Montpellier France.
Ecol Evol. 2022 Feb 7;12(2):e8544. doi: 10.1002/ece3.8544. eCollection 2022 Feb.
We aim to assess the influence of phylogenetic scale on the relationships of taxonomic and phylogenetic turnovers with environment for angiosperms in China. Specifically, we quantify the effects of contemporary climate on β-diversity at different phylogenetic scales representing different evolutionary depths of angiosperms. We sampled a latitudinal gradient and a longitudinal gradient of angiosperm assemblages across China (each ≥3400 km). Species composition in each assemblage was documented. Three metrics of β-diversity (β measuring taxonomic β-diversity; β and D measuring tip- and basal-weighted phylogenetic β-diversity, respectively) were quantified among assemblages at sequential depths in the evolutionary history of angiosperms from the tips to deeper branches. This was done by slicing the angiosperm phylogenetic tree at six evolutionary depths (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 million years ago). β-diversity at each evolutionary depth was related to geographic and climatic distances between assemblages. In general, the relationship between β-diversity and climatic distance decreased from shallow to deep evolutionary time slice for all the three metrics. The slopes of the decreasing trends for β and β were much steeper for the latitudinal gradient than for the longitudinal gradient. The decreasing trend of the strength of the relationship was monotonic in all cases except for D across the longitudinal gradient. Geographic distance between assemblages explained little variation in β-diversity that was not explained by climatic distance. Our study shows that the strength of the relationship between β-diversity and climatic distance decreases conspicuously from shallow to deep evolutionary depth for the latitudinal gradient, but this decreasing trend is less steep for the longitudinal gradient than for the latitudinal gradient, which likely reflects the influence of historical processes (e.g., the collision of the Indian plate with the Eurasian plate) on β-diversity.
我们旨在评估系统发育尺度对中国被子植物分类和系统发育周转率与环境关系的影响。具体而言，我们量化了当代气候对代表被子植物不同进化深度的不同系统发育尺度下β多样性的影响。我们在中国各地对被子植物群落进行了纬度梯度和经度梯度采样（每个梯度≥3400公里）。记录了每个群落中的物种组成。在被子植物进化历史从末梢到更深分支的连续深度上，对各群落间的三种β多样性指标（β衡量分类β多样性；β和D分别衡量末梢加权和基部加权的系统发育β多样性）进行了量化。这是通过在六个进化深度（0、15、30、45、60和7500万年前）切割被子植物系统发育树来实现的。每个进化深度的β多样性与群落间的地理和气候距离相关。总体而言，对于所有这三个指标，β多样性与气候距离之间的关系从浅到深的进化时间切片呈下降趋势。对于纬度梯度，β和β下降趋势的斜率比经度梯度陡峭得多。除了沿经度梯度的D指标外，在所有情况下，关系强度的下降趋势都是单调的。群落间的地理距离对β多样性变异的解释很少，而这些变异已由气候距离解释。我们的研究表明，对于纬度梯度，β多样性与气候距离之间关系的强度从浅到深的进化深度显著下降，但对于经度梯度，这种下降趋势不如纬度梯度陡峭，这可能反映了历史过程（如印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞）对β多样性的影响。
