Pediatric Department, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jan 28;11:724142. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.724142. eCollection 2021.
Tonsillar hypertrophy is a common disease in 3-to-6-year-old children, which may cause serve symptoms like airway obstruction. Microbiological factors play an important role in the etiology of tonsillar hypertrophy. As the starting point of digestive and respiratory tracts, the microbial composition of the oral cavity is not only unique but also closely related to the resident microbiota in other body sites. Here we reported a correlation study of the microbiota between oral cavity and tonsils in children with tonsillar hypertrophy. Saliva, supragingival plaque, and wiped samples from the tonsil surface were collected from both tonsillar hypertrophy patients and participants with healthy tonsils and were then analyzed using Illumina Miseq Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In the tonsillar hypertrophic state, more genera were detected on the tonsil surface than in the tonsil parenchyma, with more intra-microbiota correlations. When tonsillar hypertrophy occurred, both the oral cavity and tonsil surface endured microbiome shift with increased genera category and more active bacterial interactions. Over half of the newly detected genera from the tonsillar hypertrophic state were associated with infection and inflammation process or exhibited antibiotic-resistant characters. Of each individual, the microbial composition and structure of saliva seemed more similar to that of the tonsil surface, compared with the supragingival plaque. In salivary microbiota, genus might be relative with the healthy state of tonsils, while might be relative with tonsillar hypertrophy. Our study supported the link between oral microbiota with the healthy and hypertrophic states of tonsils and may provide new directions for future researches in the specific role of oral microbiota in the etiology of tonsil diseases.
扁桃体肥大是 3 至 6 岁儿童的常见疾病，可能导致严重的气道阻塞症状。微生物因素在扁桃体肥大的病因学中起着重要作用。口腔作为消化和呼吸道的起点，其微生物组成不仅独特，而且与其他身体部位的常驻微生物群密切相关。在这里，我们报告了一项关于扁桃体肥大儿童口腔和扁桃体微生物群之间相关性的研究。我们从扁桃体肥大患者和扁桃体健康的参与者中收集了唾液、龈上菌斑和扁桃体表面拭子样本，并使用 Illumina Miseq 测序 16S rRNA 基因对其进行分析。在扁桃体肥大状态下，扁桃体表面检测到的菌属多于扁桃体实质，且内部微生物群相关性更高。当发生扁桃体肥大时，口腔和扁桃体表面都经历了微生物组的变化，菌属类别增加，细菌相互作用更加活跃。超过一半的新检测到的扁桃体肥大状态下的菌属与感染和炎症过程有关，或表现出抗生素耐药性特征。对于每个个体来说，唾液的微生物组成和结构似乎与扁桃体表面更相似，而不是龈上菌斑。在唾液微生物群中，属 可能与扁桃体的健康状态有关，而属 可能与扁桃体肥大有关。我们的研究支持了口腔微生物群与扁桃体健康和肥大状态之间的联系，并可能为未来研究口腔微生物群在扁桃体疾病病因学中的特定作用提供新的方向。
