Lemes Ailton Cesar, Egea Mariana Buranelo, de Oliveira Filho Josemar Gonçalves, Gautério Gabrielle Victoria, Ribeiro Bernardo Dias, Coelho Maria Alice Zarur
Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Goiano Federal Institute, Rio Verde, Brazil.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Jan 27;9:802543. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.802543. eCollection 2021.
Bioactive compounds can provide health benefits beyond the nutritional value and are originally present or added to food matrices. However, because they are part of the food matrices, most bioactive compounds remain in agroindustrial by-products. Agro-industrial by-products are generated in large quantities throughout the food production chain and can-when not properly treated-affect the environment, the profit, and the proper and nutritional distribution of food to people. Thus, it is important to adopt processes that increase the use of these agroindustrial by-products, including biological approaches, which can enhance the extraction and obtention of bioactive compounds, which enables their application in food and pharmaceutical industries. Biological processes have several advantages compared to nonbiological processes, including the provision of extracts with high quality and bioactivity, as well as extracts that present low toxicity and environmental impact. Among biological approaches, extraction from enzymes and fermentation stand out as tools for obtaining bioactive compounds from various agro-industrial wastes. In this sense, this article provides an overview of the main bioactive components found in agroindustrial by-products and the biological strategies for their extraction. We also provide information to enhance the use of these bioactive compounds, especially for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
生物活性化合物除了具有营养价值外，还能带来健康益处，它们原本就存在于食物基质中或被添加到食物基质中。然而，由于它们是食物基质的一部分，大多数生物活性化合物仍存在于农业工业副产品中。在整个食品生产链中会大量产生农业工业副产品，如果处理不当，会影响环境、利润以及食物向人们的合理营养分配。因此，采用能够增加这些农业工业副产品利用的工艺非常重要，包括生物方法，这些方法可以提高生物活性化合物的提取和获取，从而使其能够应用于食品和制药行业。与非生物方法相比，生物方法有几个优点，包括提供高质量和生物活性的提取物，以及低毒性和环境影响的提取物。在生物方法中，酶提取和发酵作为从各种农业工业废物中获取生物活性化合物的工具脱颖而出。从这个意义上说，本文概述了农业工业副产品中发现的主要生物活性成分及其提取的生物策略。我们还提供了增强这些生物活性化合物利用的信息，特别是针对食品和制药行业。
