Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale (SS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
Cells. 2022 Jan 22;11(3):368. doi: 10.3390/cells11030368.
Golgi apparatus is the central component of the mammalian secretory pathway and it regulates the biosynthesis of the plasma membrane through three distinct but interacting processes: (a) processing of protein and lipid cargoes; (b) creation of a sharp transition in membrane lipid composition by non-vesicular transport of lipids; and (c) vesicular sorting of proteins and lipids at the trans-Golgi network to target them to appropriate compartments. We discuss the molecules involved in these processes and their importance in physiology and development. We also discuss how mutations in these molecules affect plasma membrane composition and signaling leading to genetic diseases and cancer.
高尔基器是哺乳动物分泌途径的核心组成部分，它通过三个不同但相互作用的过程来调节质膜的生物合成：（a）加工蛋白质和脂质货物；（b）通过脂质的非囊泡运输在膜脂质组成中产生急剧的转变；（c）在跨高尔基网络中将蛋白质和脂质囊泡分拣到靶部位。我们讨论了这些过程中涉及的分子及其在生理学和发育中的重要性。我们还讨论了这些分子的突变如何影响质膜组成和信号转导，导致遗传疾病和癌症。
