Tęcza Grzegorz
Department of Cast Alloys and Composites Engineering, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, 23 Reymonta Str., 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jan 28;15(3):1021. doi: 10.3390/ma15031021.
Hadfield cast steel is characterized by high wear resistance, but this is only when it is subjected to the effect of dynamic loads. During unloaded abrasion, e.g., sand abrasion, its wear resistance is very low and comparable to the wear of carbon cast steel. To increase the wear resistance of this alloy for operation under the conditions of low pressure or low stress, primary vanadium carbides were produced by the metallurgical process to obtain a two-phase structure after alloy solidification. Compared to samples made of Hadfield cast steel, the primary, very hard carbides, evenly distributed in an austenitic or austenitic-martensitic matrix, increase (at least three times) the wear resistance of samples tested in an abrasive mixture of silicon carbide and water. The changes in microstructure and hardness obtained in alloys after heat treatment (quenching at 1000-1150 °C in water and tempering at 600 °C) are presented. The bulk hardness of the matrix ranged from 370 HV to 660 HV. After heat treatment, the secondary, dispersed vanadium carbides, precipitated in the alloy matrix.
哈德菲尔德铸钢的特点是具有高耐磨性，但这仅在其受到动态载荷作用时才成立。在无载磨损情况下，例如砂磨，其耐磨性非常低，与碳素铸钢的磨损情况相当。为了提高这种合金在低压或低应力条件下运行时的耐磨性，通过冶金工艺生成了初生碳化钒，以便在合金凝固后获得两相结构。与由哈德菲尔德铸钢制成样本相比，均匀分布在奥氏体或奥氏体 - 马氏体基体中的初生、非常硬的碳化物，使在碳化硅和水的磨料混合物中测试的样本的耐磨性提高了（至少三倍）。文中展示了合金在热处理（在1000 - 1150°C水中淬火并在600°C回火）后获得的微观结构和硬度变化。基体的整体硬度范围为370 HV至660 HV。热处理后，次生的、弥散的碳化钒在合金基体中析出。
