Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden.
Department of Public Health, Kristianstad University, 291 88 Kristianstad, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jan 18;19(3):1057. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031057.
A larger amount of older people need to participate in working life due to the global demographic change. It is the employer, through the manager, who enables employees to have access to measures in the workplace that facilitate and enable a sustainable extended working life. The aim of this study was to evaluate work life factors associated with managers believing their employees can work versus wanting to work until age 65 or older. This cross-sectional study included 249 managers in the Swedish municipality sector. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate associations between different univariate estimates and in data modelling using the SwAge-model. The result stated that 79% of managers believed their employees 'can' work and 58% of managers believed their employees 'want to' work until age 65 or older. Health, physical work environment, skills and competence are associated the strongest to managers believing employees 'can' work until age 65 or older. Insufficient social support at work and lacking possibilities for relocations associated the strongest to managers believing employees would not 'want to' work until age 65 or older. Though, several countries (especially in Europe) have included in their social policy measures that retirement age be increased after 65, proposing ages approaching 70. When these proposals become laws, through obligation, people will have no choice (if they want to or if they can continue working). However, people's attitudes to work may be different (especially after the COVID-19 pandemic), and this analysis of the participating managers' attitudes showed there is a difference between why employees 'can' versus 'want' to work respectively. Therefore, different strategies may be needed to contribute to employees both being able to and willing to participate in working life until an older age. These findings on managers' perspectives, regarding whether they believe employees would be able to versus would want to work and the SwAge-model, will hopefully contribute to an increased understanding of organisational actions and measures in the process of creating a sustainable extended working life and to increase senior employees' employability.
由于全球人口结构变化,需要更多的老年人参与工作生活。是雇主通过经理,使员工能够获得工作场所的措施,促进和实现可持续的延长工作寿命。本研究的目的是评估与经理认为员工能够工作与希望工作到 65 岁或以上相关的工作生活因素。这项横断面研究包括瑞典市部门的 249 名经理。使用逻辑回归分析调查了不同单变量估计值之间的关联,并在使用 SwAge 模型的数据建模中进行了分析。结果表明,79%的经理认为他们的员工“能够”工作,58%的经理认为他们的员工“希望”工作到 65 岁或以上。健康、物理工作环境、技能和能力与经理认为员工“能够”工作到 65 岁或以上的关联最强。工作中缺乏社会支持和缺乏调动可能性与经理认为员工“不会”希望工作到 65 岁或以上的关联最强。然而,几个国家(特别是在欧洲)已经在其社会政策措施中纳入了将退休年龄提高到 65 岁以上的措施,提出了接近 70 岁的年龄。当这些提议成为法律时,由于义务,人们将别无选择(如果他们想或如果他们能够继续工作)。然而,人们对工作的态度可能不同(特别是在 COVID-19 大流行之后),而对参与经理的态度的这种分析表明,员工“能够”与“希望”工作之间存在差异。因此,可能需要采取不同的策略,使员工既能够又愿意参与工作生活到较年长的年龄。这些关于经理观点的发现,即他们是否认为员工有能力工作与愿意工作,以及 SwAge 模型,有望有助于更好地理解组织行动和措施,以创造可持续的延长工作寿命,并提高老年员工的就业能力。