National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Centre for Forest Biology, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3N5, Canada.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jan 20;23(3):1111. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031111.
In conifers, somatic embryogenesis is uniquely initiated from immature embryos in a narrow time window, which is considerably hindered by the difficulty to induce embryogenic tissue (ET) from other tissues, including mature somatic embryos. In this study, the embryogenic ability of newly induced ET and DNA methylation levels was detected, and whole-transcriptome sequencing analyses were carried out. The results showed that ultra-low temperature treatment significantly enhanced ET induction from mature somatic embryos, with the induction rate from 0.4% to 15.5%, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The newly induced ET showed higher capability in generating mature embryos than the original ET. DNA methylation levels fluctuated during the ET induction process. Here, WGCNA analysis revealed that and genes are involved in stress response and auxin signal transduction. Through co-expression analysis, lncRNAs MSTRG.505746.1, MSTRG.1070680.1, and MSTRG.33602.1 might bind to pre-novel_miR_339 to promote the expression of genes for stress response; could be protected by lncRNAs MSTRG.1070680.1 and MSTRG.33602.1 via serving as sponges for novel_miR_495 to initiate auxin signal transduction; lncRNAs MSTRG.505746.1, MSTRG.1070680.1, and MSTRG.33602.1 might serve as sponges for novel_miR_527 to enhance the expression of for early somatic embryo development. This study provides new insight into the area of stress-enhanced early somatic embryogenesis in conifers, which is also attributable to practical applications.
在针叶树中，体细胞胚胎发生独特地从狭窄时间窗口的未成熟胚胎中开始，这被诱导胚胎发生组织 (ET) 从其他组织，包括成熟体细胞胚胎中诱导的困难大大阻碍。在这项研究中，检测了新诱导的 ET 的胚胎发生能力和 DNA 甲基化水平，并进行了全转录组测序分析。结果表明，超低温处理显著增强了成熟体细胞胚胎的 ET 诱导，诱导率从 0.4%提高到 15.5%，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。新诱导的 ET 在产生成熟胚胎方面表现出更高的能力比原始 ET。在 ET 诱导过程中，DNA 甲基化水平波动。在这里，WGCNA 分析表明 和 基因参与应激反应和生长素信号转导。通过共表达分析，lncRNA MSTRG.505746.1、MSTRG.1070680.1 和 MSTRG.33602.1 可能与前体_miR_339 结合，促进 基因的应激反应表达； 可以通过作为新型_miR_495 的海绵来保护自身，从而启动生长素信号转导；lncRNA MSTRG.505746.1、MSTRG.1070680.1 和 MSTRG.33602.1 可能作为新型_miR_527 的海绵，增强 基因的表达，从而促进早期体细胞胚胎发育。这项研究为针叶树中增强的应激早期体细胞胚胎发生提供了新的见解，这也归因于实际应用。
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