Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen Hearing and Balance Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Center for HR and Education, Region H, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Jul;279(7):3269-3288. doi: 10.1007/s00405-022-07291-0. Epub 2022 Feb 15.
3D-printing (three-dimensional printing) is an emerging technology with promising applications for patient-specific interventions. Nonetheless, knowledge on the clinical applicability of 3D-printing in otology and research on its use remains scattered. Understanding these new treatment options is a prerequisite for clinical implementation, which could improve patient outcomes. This review aims to explore current applications of 3D-printed patient-specific otologic interventions, including state of the evidence, strengths, limitations, and future possibilities.
Following the PRISMA statement, relevant studies were identified through Pubmed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Data on the manufacturing process and interventions were extracted by two reviewers. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tools.
Screening yielded 590 studies; 63 were found eligible and included for analysis. 3D-printed models were used as guides, templates, implants, and devices. Outer ear interventions comprised 73% of the studies. Overall, optimistic sentiments on 3D-printed models were reported, including increased surgical precision/confidence, faster manufacturing/operation time, and reduced costs/complications. Nevertheless, study quality was low as most studies failed to use relevant objective outcomes, compare new interventions with conventional treatment, and sufficiently describe manufacturing.
Several clinical interventions using patient-specific 3D-printing in otology are considered promising. However, it remains unclear whether these interventions actually improve patient outcomes due to lack of comparison with conventional methods and low levels of evidence. Further, the reproducibility of the 3D-printed interventions is compromised by insufficient reporting. Future efforts should focus on objective, comparative outcomes evaluated in large-scale studies.
3D 打印（三维打印）是一项具有广阔应用前景的新兴技术，尤其适用于个体化介入治疗。然而，有关 3D 打印在耳科学中的临床适用性以及相关研究仍较为分散。了解这些新的治疗选择是临床实施的前提，这可能会改善患者的预后。本综述旨在探讨当前个体化 3D 打印耳科介入技术的应用，包括现有证据、优势、局限性和未来可能性。
根据 PRISMA 声明，通过 Pubmed、EMBASE、Cochrane 图书馆和 Web of Science 检索相关研究。由两名评审员提取制造工艺和干预措施的数据。使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所的批判性评估工具评估研究质量。
筛选出 590 项研究，其中 63 项研究符合纳入标准并进行了分析。3D 打印模型被用作指南、模板、植入物和设备。外耳干预占研究的 73%。总体而言，对 3D 打印模型持乐观态度，包括提高手术精度/信心、更快的制造/操作时间以及降低成本/并发症。然而，研究质量较低，因为大多数研究未能使用相关的客观结局、将新干预与传统治疗进行比较以及充分描述制造过程。
耳科学中使用个体化 3D 打印的几种临床干预措施被认为具有广阔前景。然而，由于缺乏与传统方法的比较以及证据水平较低，尚不清楚这些干预措施是否确实改善了患者的预后。此外，3D 打印干预措施的可重复性受到报告不足的影响。未来的研究应侧重于在大规模研究中评估客观的、对比性的结局。
