Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Institute of Music, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany.
PLoS One. 2022 Feb 15;17(2):e0263384. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263384. eCollection 2022.
With a few exceptions, musical taste has been researched via likes or preferences of certain types of music. The present study focuses on disliked music and takes a broad approach to cover explanatory strategies related to personal dislikes.
In-depth interviews were conducted with 21 participants in five age groups. Interviewees were asked to prepare a list of their disliked music, and for each item they were asked about the reasons for the dislike. To ensure that the complexity and range of the participants' dislikes and rationales were captured in the analysis, a structuring content analysis as a mostly theory-driven approach was combined with inductive category creation out of the interview data.
The most often mentioned type of dislike was musical style, followed by artist and genre. Five main reference points were identified for describing musical dislikes: the music itself, lyrics, performance, artist, and the people who listen to it. The identified rationales for disliked music were assigned to three larger categories: object-related reasons, such as music-compositional aspects, aesthetic dichotomies or lyrics; subject-related reasons, such as emotional or bodily effects, or discrepancies with the self-image; social reasons, which refer to one's social environment and the taste judgments common to it (in-group) or to other groups of which the participants do not feel part of (out-group). Apart from the rationales for disliked music, the participants described specific reactions when they are confronted with their disliked music, such as emotional, physical, and social reactions.
While musical dislikes have already been shown to fulfill important social functions, the current study extends the rationales to music-related and self-related reasons. Musical dislikes fulfill similar functions to liked music, such as preservation of a good mood, identity expression and construction, strengthening of group cohesion as well as social distinction.
除了少数例外，音乐品味的研究都是通过对某些类型音乐的喜好或偏好来进行的。本研究侧重于不喜欢的音乐，并采用广泛的方法来涵盖与个人不喜欢相关的解释策略。
对五个年龄段的 21 名参与者进行了深入访谈。要求受访者准备一份他们不喜欢的音乐列表，并要求他们对每首不喜欢的音乐的原因进行说明。为了确保在分析中捕捉到参与者不喜欢和理由的复杂性和范围，采用了一种以理论为导向的结构内容分析方法，并结合了从访谈数据中归纳出的类别创建。
最常提到的不喜欢类型是音乐风格，其次是艺术家和流派。确定了五个主要的参考点来描述对音乐的不喜欢：音乐本身、歌词、演奏、艺术家和听音乐的人。确定的不喜欢音乐的理由被分为三个更大的类别：与对象相关的原因，如音乐组成方面、审美二分法或歌词；与主体相关的原因，如情感或身体上的影响，或与自我形象的差异；社会原因，指的是一个人的社会环境和与之相关的品味判断（内群体）或参与者不认同的其他群体（外群体）。除了不喜欢音乐的理由外，参与者还描述了当他们面对不喜欢的音乐时的具体反应，如情感、身体和社交反应。
虽然已经证明音乐不喜欢具有重要的社会功能，但本研究将理由扩展到与音乐相关和与自我相关的原因。音乐不喜欢具有与喜欢的音乐相似的功能，如保持良好的情绪、表达和塑造身份、增强群体凝聚力以及社会区分。
