Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Womens Health (Lond). 2022 Jan-Dec;18:17455057221078738. doi: 10.1177/17455057221078738.
Pakistani women experience higher-than-average rates of certain chronic diseases, including diseases related to sedentary lifestyles. The aim of this study is to explore how first and second-generation Pakistani women living in the Raval, Barcelona, conceive of physical activity, and their barriers and facilitators around participating in physical activity, with the goal of increasing physical activity in this group.
Qualitative research with an intersectional approach. Nine informal interviews with key community informants were conducted from November 2018 to January 2019 to gain background on the topic, using snowball sampling. Eleven individual interviews were conducted from February to June 2019. Seven were with Pakistani women having lived, or currently living, in the neighborhood of the Raval, Barcelona. Four additional interviews were conducted with non-Pakistani women key community informants who have worked extensively with this community. Thematic content analysis was carried out using ATLAS.ti.
First-generation Pakistani women generally did not have physical activity present in their daily lives, but by most accounts wished to. Areas that shed light on this included the following: limited economic opportunities and associated living conditions, barriers to social integration, health concepts and access to information, and cultural norms and related gender roles. For the first-generation, gender-related divisions of labor as well as the absence of the concept of self-care were particularly relevant barriers to their participation in physical activity. The experience of immigration-related grief emerged as a transversal theme which overlapped with multiple areas. While both generations expressed a need for the separation of genders during physical activity-as per their cultural interpretation of Islam-the lack of such spaces was highlighted as a principal barrier in physical activity among the second generation.
These findings shed light on distinct elements that exert influence in Pakistani women immigrants' participation in physical activity-among them: social and living conditions, access to public space, and gender-related work distribution and cultural norms-which are in turn influenced by first or second-generation immigration status. Considering the specific needs of both groups when proposing politics and health programs to encourage physical activity is paramount in order to successfully partner with these populations.
巴基斯坦女性患某些慢性疾病的比率高于平均水平，包括与久坐生活方式相关的疾病。本研究旨在探讨生活在巴塞罗那拉瓦尔的第一代和第二代巴基斯坦女性如何看待身体活动，以及她们参与身体活动的障碍和促进因素，目的是增加这一群体的身体活动。
采用交叉方法的定性研究。2018 年 11 月至 2019 年 1 月，通过滚雪球抽样，对 9 名关键社区知情者进行了 9 次非正式访谈，以获得关于该主题的背景信息。2019 年 2 月至 6 月期间，进行了 11 次个人访谈。其中 7 次是与生活在巴塞罗那拉瓦尔或目前居住在该社区的巴基斯坦女性进行的。另外 4 次访谈是与在该社区广泛工作的非巴基斯坦女性关键社区知情者进行的。使用 ATLAS.ti 进行主题内容分析。
第一代巴基斯坦女性的日常生活中通常没有身体活动，但据大多数人说，她们希望有。揭示这一点的领域包括以下内容：有限的经济机会和相关的生活条件、社会融合的障碍、健康观念和信息获取、文化规范和相关的性别角色。对于第一代人来说，与性别相关的劳动分工以及缺乏自我保健观念是她们参与身体活动的特别相关障碍。移民相关悲伤的经历成为一个交叉主题，与多个领域重叠。尽管两代人都表示在身体活动中需要性别分离——按照她们对伊斯兰教的文化解释——但第二代人强调缺乏这样的空间是她们参与身体活动的主要障碍。
这些发现揭示了影响巴基斯坦女性移民参与身体活动的不同因素，其中包括：社会和生活条件、公共空间的获取、与性别相关的工作分配和文化规范——这些因素反过来又受到第一代或第二代移民身份的影响。在提出鼓励身体活动的政治和健康计划时，考虑到这两个群体的具体需求至关重要，以便与这些群体成功合作。
