Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avenida Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 2;16(3):431. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030431.
Physical activity facilitates the acquisition of healthy habits from childhood to adulthood. Differences exist regarding the performance of physical activity among immigrant children compared to native Spanish children. The purpose of the study was to describe the barriers that exist for the promotion of physical activity. A qualitative case-study approach was implemented. Parents of immigrant children, teachers, a school principal, and priests were included, using purposeful sampling. Data were collected from 25 participants, via unstructured and semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and researchers' field notes. A thematic analysis was performed and ecological levels were identified. Our findings revealed the following barriers to performing physical activity: (a) the meaning of physical activity, (b) gender inequalities, (c) academic burden, (d) lack of social contact, (e) expenses and family economy, (f) lack of infrastructure and natural surroundings, (g) time constraints, (h) fear and insecurity, and (i) the reason for immigrating. These results may be used to revise the school curriculum, promoting equal opportunities for physical activity and encouraging family participation. Additionally, urban design policies should be encouraged to facilitate access to open spaces for recreation within cities.
体育活动有助于儿童从童年到成年养成健康习惯。移民儿童与西班牙本地儿童相比，在体育活动表现方面存在差异。本研究旨在描述促进体育活动的障碍因素。采用定性案例研究方法，通过目的抽样纳入移民儿童的家长、教师、校长和牧师作为研究对象。通过非结构化和半结构化访谈、焦点小组以及研究者的实地笔记收集了 25 名参与者的数据。进行了主题分析并确定了生态层次。研究结果揭示了以下进行体育活动的障碍因素：（a）体育活动的意义，（b）性别不平等，（c）学业负担，（d）缺乏社会联系，（e）费用和家庭经济，（f）缺乏基础设施和自然环境，（g）时间限制，（h）恐惧和不安全，以及（i）移民的原因。这些结果可用于修订学校课程，促进体育活动的平等机会，并鼓励家庭参与。此外，应鼓励城市设计政策，以促进在城市内获得开放空间进行娱乐。
