Frank L R
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1986 May;37(5):497-501. doi: 10.1176/ps.37.5.497.
The author argues that psychiatry is not a medical specialty but an instrument for the social control of people whose ideas, actions, values, and life-styles threaten or disrupt established power relationships within families, communities, or society. Psychiatry's instruments for social control are involuntary incarceration and so-called treatment in facilities in which inmates are brutalized, harassed, neglected, and humiliated. The major somatic psychiatric treatments--drugs, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and lobotomy--have produced an epidemic of neurological and brain dysfunction, such as tardive dyskinesia, associated with neuroleptic drugs, and memory impairment, associated with ECT. The author condemns the freezing experiments conducted on psychiatric inmates in the United States and on concentration-camp inmates in Germany during the 1940s.
作者认为，精神病学并非一门医学专业，而是一种对那些其思想、行为、价值观和生活方式威胁或扰乱家庭、社区或社会既定权力关系的人进行社会控制的工具。精神病学用于社会控制的手段包括非自愿监禁以及在设施中进行的所谓治疗，在这些设施里，被监禁者遭受着虐待、骚扰、忽视和羞辱。主要的躯体精神病治疗方法——药物、电休克疗法（ECT）和脑叶切除术——已经引发了一场神经和脑功能障碍的流行，比如与抗精神病药物相关的迟发性运动障碍，以及与ECT相关的记忆损害。作者谴责了20世纪40年代在美国针对精神病院患者以及在德国针对集中营囚犯进行的冷冻实验。
