Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 15;12(1):2486. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-06420-3.
The aim of this research was to characterize the genetic diversity of the Sarda (Sa, n = 131), Sardo Bruna (SB, n = 44) and Sardo Modicana (SM, n = 26) cattle breeds, reared in the island of Sardinia (Italy). A portion of the mitochondrial DNA hypervariable region was sequenced, in order to identify a potential signature of African introgression. The F coefficients among populations ranged between 0.056 for Sa vs SB and 0.167 for SB vs SM. AMOVA analysis indicated there was a significant differentiation of the three breeds, although most of diversity was gathered at the within-breed level. The Median Joining Network of the Sardinian sequences showed a potential founder effect signature. A MJ network including Sardinian cattle plus African, Italian, Iberian and Asian sequences, revealed the presence of haplogroup T3, already detected in Sa cattle, and the presence of Hg T1 and Hg T1'2'3, in Sa and SB. The presence of a private haplotype belonging to haplogroup T1, which is characteristic of African taurine breeds, may be due to the introgression of Sardinian breeds with African cattle, either directly (most probable source: North African cattle) or indirectly (through a Mediterranean intermediary already introgressed with African blood).
本研究旨在对撒丁岛（意大利）饲养的撒丁牛（Sa，n=131）、萨尔多布劳纳牛（SB，n=44）和萨尔多莫迪卡纳牛（SM，n=26）进行遗传多样性分析。为了鉴定非洲渗入的潜在特征，对线粒体 DNA 高变区进行了测序。种群间的 F 系数在 Sa 与 SB 之间为 0.056，在 SB 与 SM 之间为 0.167。AMOVA 分析表明，这三个品种存在显著分化，但大部分多样性聚集在品种内。撒丁岛序列的中位数连接网络显示出潜在的奠基者效应特征。一个包括撒丁岛牛和非洲、意大利、伊比利亚和亚洲序列的 MJ 网络，揭示了已在 Sa 牛中检测到的单倍群 T3 的存在，以及在 Sa 和 SB 中存在 Hg T1 和 Hg T1'2'3。属于单倍群 T1 的特有单倍型的存在，这是非洲牛种的特征，可能是由于撒丁岛品种与非洲牛的渗入，无论是直接的（最可能的来源：北非牛）还是间接的（通过已经与非洲血液渗入的地中海中间品种）。
