Xu Longxin, Wang Xin, Wang Hua, Wu Junda, Zhou Wenzhang, Ni Mengmeng, Zhang Kaikai, Zhao Yuanfeng, Lin Ruiyi
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550005, Guizhou, China.
College of Animal Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China.
Biochem Genet. 2024 Nov 18. doi: 10.1007/s10528-024-10973-5.
Owing to the unique geography and the isolated environment, Guanling cattle, which is one of five local cattle breeds in Guizhou, China, has developed unique characteristics. The number of pure Guanling cattle decreased markedly because of the hybridization with foreign breeds. In the present study, the maternal genetic diversity of 58 Guanling bulls was assessed by whole mitochondrial genome sequencing. Genetic polymorphisms and phylogenetic analyses classified Guanling cattle into two main lineages, where 43.10% of Guanling cattle were closely related to the foreign breeds and 56.90% displayed distinct features in mitochondrial genomic diversity. PCA analysis further separated Guanling cattle into four populations, one of which was clustered with the foreign breeds. The result of the structure plot and genetic polymorphisms revealed high genetic diversity within two populations that have a long genetic distance from the foreign breeds. Overall, our findings suggest that the whole mitochondrial genome sequencing analysis is a useful and reliable tool to study maternal genetic diversity and to identify the pure population of Guanling cattle. The results will be beneficial to the breeding management of Guanling cattle.
由于独特的地理环境和封闭的条件，关岭牛作为中国贵州五个本地牛品种之一，形成了独特的特征。由于与外来品种杂交，纯关岭牛的数量显著减少。在本研究中，通过全线粒体基因组测序评估了58头关岭公牛的母系遗传多样性。遗传多态性和系统发育分析把关岭牛分为两个主要谱系，其中43.10%的关岭牛与外来品种密切相关，56.90%在线粒体基因组多样性方面表现出独特特征。主成分分析进一步把关岭牛分为四个群体，其中一个群体与外来品种聚类。结构图谱和遗传多态性结果显示，在与外来品种遗传距离较远的两个群体中存在较高的遗传多样性。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，全线粒体基因组测序分析是研究母系遗传多样性和鉴定关岭牛纯种群体的有用且可靠的工具。这些结果将有助于关岭牛的育种管理。
