Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos-LEFT, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, CEP, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, CEP, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Jul;29(31):46803-46812. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19242-7. Epub 2022 Feb 16.
Coal mining and burning activities in coal-fired power plants are among the most polluting activities in developing countries. In Brazil, the Candiota coal deposit concentrates 40% of the national mineral coal. Although, previous studies indicate several negative health outcomes to residents of this coal region, there is no information about lung function. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate lung function by spirometry among residents from the largest coal mining region of Brazil and its related factors. It was carried out a cross-sectional study with 300 male adults residing in four cities from this region. Socioeconomic, demographic, life style, and health conditions were collected through a structured questionnaire, and lung function was assessed by spirometry. Almost 18% of the residents have disorders in pulmonary function. There was significant statistical difference in the spirometry main parameters between the cities. Candiota city (host city of coal exploration activities) have the highest prevalence of obstructive ventilatory disorder. Curiously, upper economic class had significant higher risk of altered lung function (P<0.001), as well as inappropriate sewage destination (P<0.001). Residents of Candiota city had 20% higher risk of altered lung function. Regarding air quality, the PM, SO, and NO of the region were 20.6± 3.9, 7.0± 2.2, and 6.0± 1.6, respectively. Two air quality stations exceed the limit of 20 μg/m to PM proposed by Brazilian legislation and WHO, and three stations had PM quite close to the limit. This study points out the need for urgent action to protect residents from this coal mining region.
煤炭开采和燃煤电厂的燃烧活动是发展中国家污染最严重的活动之一。在巴西，坎迪奥塔煤矿集中了全国 40%的矿物煤。尽管之前的研究表明，该煤矿地区的居民存在多种负面健康后果，但没有关于肺功能的信息。因此，本研究旨在评估巴西最大的采煤区居民的肺功能及其相关因素。这是一项横断面研究，共有 300 名男性成年人居住在该地区的四个城市。通过结构化问卷收集了社会经济、人口统计学、生活方式和健康状况等信息，并通过肺活量计评估了肺功能。几乎 18%的居民存在肺部功能障碍。四个城市之间的肺活量主要参数存在显著的统计学差异。坎迪奥塔市（煤炭勘探活动的主办城市）的阻塞性通气障碍患病率最高。有趣的是，较高的经济阶层有更高的肺部功能改变的风险（P<0.001），以及不适当的污水排放目的地（P<0.001）。坎迪奥塔市的居民肺部功能改变的风险增加了 20%。关于空气质量，该地区的 PM、SO 和 NO 分别为 20.6±3.9、7.0±2.2 和 6.0±1.6。两个空气质量站的 PM 超过了巴西立法和世界卫生组织规定的 20μg/m 限值，三个站的 PM 接近限值。本研究指出，需要采取紧急行动来保护该采煤区的居民。
