Alam Ashraful, Al Arif Jahan Abdullah, Bari Md Sazzadul, Khandokar Labony, Mahmud Md Hasan, Junaid Muhammed, Chowdhury Mohammed Salahuddin, Khan Mohammad Forhad, Seidel Veronique, Haque Md Areeful
Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(23):6580-6614. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2036094. Epub 2022 Feb 16.
The genus comprises of at least 918 species; the majority grown for dietary and medicinal purposes. This review describes the traditional uses, phytoconstituents, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity, and safety profile of six main species, namely L. (garlic), L. (onions), L. (leek), L. (scallion), L. (chives) and Rottler (garlic chives). These species contain at least 260 phytoconstituents; mainly volatile compounds-including 63 organosulfur molecules-, saponins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, steroids, vitamins and nucleosides. They have prominent in vitro anti-inflammatory activity, and in vivo replications of such results have been achieved for all except for . They also exert cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines. Several anticancer phytoconstituents have been characterized from all except for Organosulfur constituents, saponins and flavonoid glycosides have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity. Extensive work has been conducted mainly on the anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity of and . The presence of anti-inflammatory and anticancer constituents in these two species suggests that similar bioactive constituents could be found in other species. This provides future avenues for identifying new -derived anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents.
该属至少包含918个物种；大多数物种因饮食和药用目的而种植。本综述描述了六个主要物种的传统用途、植物成分、抗炎和抗癌活性以及安全性概况，这六个物种分别是大蒜、洋葱、韭菜、青葱、细香葱和韭葱。这些物种至少含有260种植物成分；主要是挥发性化合物，包括63种有机硫分子、皂苷、黄酮类化合物、花青素、酚类化合物、氨基酸、有机酸、脂肪酸、类固醇、维生素和核苷。它们具有显著的体外抗炎活性，除了韭葱外，其他物种在体内均已得到类似结果。它们对不同的癌细胞系也具有细胞毒性。除了韭葱外，其他物种均已鉴定出几种抗癌植物成分。有机硫成分、皂苷和黄酮糖苷已显示出抗炎和抗癌活性。主要针对大蒜和洋葱的抗炎和抗癌活性开展了大量研究。这两个物种中存在抗炎和抗癌成分，表明其他物种中可能也存在类似的生物活性成分。这为鉴定新的葱属来源的抗炎和抗癌药物提供了未来的途径。
