Brittany G. Travers, PhD, is Associate Professor, Occupational Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, and Investigator, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison;
Lucia Lee, MOT, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapist, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI.
Am J Occup Ther. 2022 Mar 1;76(2). doi: 10.5014/ajot.2022.045955.
Motor and sensory challenges are commonly reported among autistic individuals and have been linked to challenges with daily living skills (DLS). To best inform clinical intervention, greater specificity in how sensory and motor challenges relate to DLS is needed.
To evaluate the relationship between combined sensory and motor scores and DLS performance among autistic and nonautistic children and to explore associations between motor scores and performance on specific DLS items.
Descriptive design.
University research lab.
Autistic children, nonautistic children with no family history of or diagnosis related to autism, and nonautistic children with a family history of or diagnosis related to autism (ages 6-10 yr; N = 101). All participants communicated verbally.
None. Outcomes and Measures: Parent-report measures of DLS and sensory features and standardized assessments of motor performance.
Findings indicated a strong relationship between motor difficulties and all domains of DLS. At the item level, motor skills were associated with occupations of dressing, bathing, health management, cleaning up and organization, meal preparation and clean-up, education, and safety. Combined sensory and motor measures better predicted DLS than sensory or motor measures alone.
Children with motor and sensory challenges are likely to experience challenges with a diversity of occupations, which is important given the prevalence of motor and sensory challenges among autistic children and among children with other neurodevelopmental conditions. Therapeutic interventions that account for or address these motor challenges and associated sensory features are likely to further enhance DLS. What This Article Adds: A combination of motor challenges and sensory features better predict DLS than either motor or sensory challenges alone. In addition, motor challenges in children are most highly associated with DLS challenges in the domains of dressing, bathing, cleaning, education, safety, health, and meal preparation. Occupational therapists can use this information when considering how the results of sensory and motor assessment may guide clinical intervention in autistic and nonautistic children.
运动和感觉挑战在自闭症患者中很常见，并且与日常生活技能 (DLS) 挑战有关。为了更好地为临床干预提供信息，需要更具体地了解感觉和运动挑战与 DLS 的关系。
评估自闭症和非自闭症儿童的综合感觉和运动评分与 DLS 表现之间的关系，并探讨运动评分与特定 DLS 项目表现之间的关系。
描述性设计。
大学研究实验室。
自闭症儿童、无自闭症家族史或自闭症诊断的非自闭症儿童以及有自闭症家族史或诊断的非自闭症儿童（年龄 6-10 岁；N=101）。所有参与者都通过口头交流。
无。
父母报告的 DLS 和感觉特征以及运动表现的标准化评估。
研究结果表明，运动困难与 DLS 的所有领域都有很强的关系。在项目层面上，运动技能与穿衣、洗澡、健康管理、清理和组织、膳食准备和清理、教育和安全等职业有关。综合感觉和运动测量比单独的感觉或运动测量更能预测 DLS。
有运动和感觉挑战的儿童可能会面临各种职业的挑战，鉴于自闭症儿童和其他神经发育障碍儿童中运动和感觉挑战的普遍性，这一点很重要。考虑到这些运动挑战和相关感觉特征的治疗干预措施可能会进一步提高 DLS。这篇文章增加了什么：运动挑战和感觉特征的结合比单独的运动或感觉挑战更能预测 DLS。此外，儿童的运动挑战与穿衣、洗澡、清洁、教育、安全、健康和膳食准备等领域的 DLS 挑战最相关。作业治疗师在考虑感觉和运动评估结果如何指导自闭症和非自闭症儿童的临床干预时，可以使用这些信息。
