Diaz Carmen, Glover Joel C
Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine and Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Front Neuroanat. 2022 Jan 31;15:806815. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2021.806815. eCollection 2021.
The vestibular column is located in the hindbrain between the sensory auditory (dorsal) and trigeminal (ventral) columns, spanning rhombomeres r1 (or r2) to r9. It contains the vestibular nuclear complex that receives sensory innervation from the labyrinthine end organs in the inner ear. Gene expression studies and experimental manipulations of developmental genes, particularly genes and other developmental patterning genes, are providing insight into the morphological and functional organization of the vestibular nuclear complex, particularly from a segmental standpoint. Here, we will review studies of the classical vestibular nuclei and of vestibular projection neurons that innervate distinct targets in relation to individual rhombomeres and the expression of specific genes. Studies in different species have demonstrated that the vestibular complex is organized into a hodological mosaic that relates axon trajectory and target to specific hindbrain rhombomeres and intrarhombomeric domains, with a molecular underpinning in the form of transcription factor signatures, which has been highly conserved during the evolution of the vertebrate lineage.
前庭柱位于后脑，在感觉性听觉（背侧）柱和三叉神经（腹侧）柱之间，跨越菱脑节r1（或r2）至r9。它包含前庭神经核复合体，该复合体接收来自内耳迷路终器的感觉神经支配。基因表达研究以及对发育基因，特别是基因和其他发育模式基因的实验操作，正在为前庭神经核复合体的形态和功能组织提供见解，尤其是从节段的角度。在这里，我们将综述经典前庭核以及支配与各个菱脑节和特定基因表达相关的不同靶标的前庭投射神经元的研究。不同物种的研究表明，前庭复合体被组织成一种传导通路镶嵌结构，将轴突轨迹和靶标与特定的后脑菱脑节和菱脑节内区域相关联，其分子基础是以转录因子特征的形式存在，在脊椎动物谱系的进化过程中高度保守。
