Eldridge M W, Berman W, Greene E R
J Ultrasound Med. 1986 Mar;5(3):131-6. doi: 10.7863/jum.1986.5.3.131.
The abdominal aortic blood flow was measured in 19 fetuses of nonsmoking mothers (NS) and five fetuses of smoking mothers (S) who consumed over 10 cigarettes per day throughout gestation. Serial blood flow measurements beginning in the mid-second trimester to term were made noninvasively with an ultrasonic duplex scanner. Biparietal and transverse abdominal diameters were used to estimate gestational age and fetal weight. Blood velocity spectral waveforms and lumen diameters were used to calculate blood flow (Q, ml/min) and weight normalized blood flow (Q/kg, ml/kg/min). Both Q and Q/kg for the two groups were significantly different by analysis of variance throughout the periods of observation. Third trimester Q and Q/kg (+/- SD) in the S group (738 +/- 20 ml/min and 278 +/- 36 ml/kg/min) were significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than values in the NS group (522 +/- 60 ml/min and 180 +/- 24 ml/kg/min). A redistribution of blood flow to the placenta resulting from an increase in fetal systemic vascular resistance is postulated.
对19名母亲不吸烟（NS）的胎儿和5名母亲吸烟（S）的胎儿进行了腹主动脉血流测量，后者在整个妊娠期每天吸烟超过10支。从孕中期中期开始至足月，使用超声双功扫描仪对血流进行连续无创测量。双顶径和腹横径用于估计胎龄和胎儿体重。血流速度频谱波形和管腔直径用于计算血流量（Q，毫升/分钟）和体重标准化血流量（Q/kg，毫升/千克/分钟）。通过方差分析，在整个观察期内，两组的Q和Q/kg均有显著差异。S组孕晚期的Q和Q/kg（±标准差）（738±20毫升/分钟和278±36毫升/千克/分钟）显著高于NS组（522±60毫升/分钟和180±24毫升/千克/分钟）（P<0.01）。推测是由于胎儿全身血管阻力增加导致血流重新分配至胎盘。
