Wang Xiyue, Wu Zihao, Zhou Qi, Wang Xin, Song Shuang, Dong Shoukun
Agronomy College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jan 31;12:809692. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.809692. eCollection 2021.
Soybean is an important cash crop in the world, and drought is the main reason for the loss of soybean plants productivity, with drought stress during the most water-sensitive flowering period of soybeans. In this article, drought-tolerant variety Heinong 44 (HN44) and drought-sensitive variety Heinong 65 (HN65) were used as experimental materials. Drought treatment was carried out at the early flowering stage. The method of controlling soil moisture content was used to simulate different degrees of drought, and the physiological changes of these two varieties of soybean under different soil moisture contents were studied. The results showed that with a decrease in soil moisture content, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in soybean leaves increased significantly; the activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) increased first and then decreased; the content of proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein increased; and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) increased significantly. When the soil moisture content was 15.5%, the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, osmotic regulatory substances, antioxidant enzyme activity, and T-AOC increased the most, and the decrease in drought-tolerant variety HN44 was significantly less than that of drought-sensitive variety HN65. Our research reveals the response law of soybean crops to physiological characteristics under water deficit and provides theoretical basis and guiding significance for drought-resistant cultivation and breeding of soybean.
大豆是世界上重要的经济作物，干旱是导致大豆植株生产力损失的主要原因，其中大豆最敏感的开花期遭遇干旱胁迫影响更大。本文以耐旱品种黑农44（HN44）和干旱敏感品种黑农65（HN65）为试验材料，在初花期进行干旱处理，采用控制土壤含水量的方法模拟不同程度的干旱，研究这两个大豆品种在不同土壤含水量下的生理变化。结果表明，随着土壤含水量降低，大豆叶片中丙二醛（MDA）含量显著增加；过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性先升高后降低；脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量增加；总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著提高。当土壤含水量为15.5%时，膜脂过氧化程度、渗透调节物质、抗氧化酶活性及T-AOC增加最为明显，且耐旱品种HN44的下降幅度显著小于干旱敏感品种HN65。本研究揭示了大豆作物在水分亏缺下生理特性的响应规律，为大豆抗旱栽培和育种提供了理论依据和指导意义。
