Department of Public and Global Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of Viral Immunobiology, Institute for Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jan 31;9:759602. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.759602. eCollection 2021.
, or pneumococcus, is a common, opportunistic pathogen which can cause severe disease, particularly in adults 65+. In Switzerland, vaccination is recommended for children under 5 and for adults with health predispositions; vaccination of healthy adults 65+ is not recommended. In 2020 we conducted a nationwide, cross-sectional survey of vaccination records to evaluate pneumococcal vaccination coverage and factors affecting uptake among adults 18-85. We found that nationwide coverage was 4.5% without significant regional differences. Coverage was comparable between men and women and between those aged 18-39 (3.0%) and 40-64 (3.2%). Coverage was significantly higher among those 65-85 (9.6%). While 2.7% of individuals reporting no health predisposition were vaccinated, 14.8% with asthma or chronic pulmonary disease, 27.1% with immunosuppression, 12.9% with diabetes, 11.6% with heart, liver, or kidney disease, and 25.9% with >1 health risk were vaccinated. Adjusted odds of vaccination for all health predispositions except heart, liver, or kidney disease were significantly increased. Among unvaccinated individuals "not enough information about the topic" and "not suggested by a doctor/healthcare provider" were the major reasons for abstaining from vaccination. Respondents reporting a health predisposition were significantly less likely to report "not at increased risk due to chronic health conditions or age" as a reason for not being vaccinated (3.7% vs. 29.1%) and were more likely to report willingness to be vaccinated in the future compared to those not-at-risk (54.2% vs. 39.9%). Our results indicate that pneumococcal vaccination coverage in Switzerland is low among both individuals 65-85 and among those with predisposing health risks. It appears that at-risk individuals are aware of their increased risk, but feel they do not have enough information on the topic to seek vaccination, or have not been recommended a vaccination by their physician.
肺炎球菌，又称肺炎链球菌，是一种常见的机会性病原体，可导致严重疾病，尤其是 65 岁以上的成年人。在瑞士，建议为 5 岁以下儿童和有健康隐患的成年人接种疫苗；不建议为 65 岁以上健康成年人接种疫苗。2020 年，我们开展了一项全国范围的横断面调查，以评估肺炎球菌疫苗接种覆盖率以及影响 18-85 岁成年人接种疫苗的因素。我们发现，全国范围内的覆盖率为 4.5%，没有明显的地区差异。男性和女性、18-39 岁（3.0%）和 40-64 岁（3.2%）之间的覆盖率相当。65-85 岁的人群的覆盖率显著更高（9.6%）。虽然报告没有健康隐患的人群中有 2.7%接种了疫苗，但患有哮喘或慢性肺部疾病的人群中有 14.8%，免疫抑制的人群中有 27.1%，患有糖尿病的人群中有 12.9%，患有心脏、肝脏或肾脏疾病的人群中有 11.6%，患有>1 种健康风险的人群中有 25.9%接种了疫苗。除心脏、肝脏或肾脏疾病外，所有健康隐患的人群接种疫苗的调整后比值比均显著增加。在未接种疫苗的人群中，“关于该主题的信息不足”和“医生/医疗保健提供者未建议”是不接种疫苗的主要原因。报告有健康隐患的受访者不太可能将“由于慢性健康状况或年龄而不处于较高风险”作为不接种疫苗的原因（3.7%比 29.1%），并且与未处于风险中的人群相比，更有可能表示愿意在未来接种疫苗（54.2%比 39.9%）。我们的结果表明，瑞士肺炎球菌疫苗接种覆盖率在 65-85 岁人群和有健康隐患的人群中均较低。似乎有风险的人群意识到自己的风险增加，但他们觉得自己对该主题了解不足，因此没有寻求接种疫苗，或者没有得到医生的推荐。
