Department of Nursing, and Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, South Korea.
College of Nursing, Daejeon Health Institute of Technology, Daejeon, South Korea.
Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2022 Jul;19(3):e12476. doi: 10.1111/jjns.12476. Epub 2022 Feb 17.
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile applications used by patients diagnosed with mental disorders.
An electronic literature search in five databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PsychInfo was conducted. The keywords used were "mental disorder," "mental illness," "mobile phone," "smartphone," "mHealth," "application," and "app". The search was restricted to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) written in English and Korean.
Fourteen RCTs, involving 1307 patients diagnosed with depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder were included in the analysis. The included studies were published between 2012 and 2020 and used mobile applications. The risk of bias tool was used to assess methodological quality and the overall risk of bias of the included studies was moderate. The pooled data favored mobile application interventions in reducing the disease-related symptoms of depression (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.255, 95% CI: -0.370 to -0.141), mania symptoms (SMD = -0.279, 95% CI: -0.456 to -0.102), and positive (SMD = -0.205, 95% CI: -0.388 to -0.022) and negative psychotic symptoms (SMD = -0.406, 95% CI: -0.791 to -0.020). In subgroup analysis, the incorporation of feedback, notification, and data tracking features in the mobile application intervention produced better outcomes.
This review provided evidence that mobile applications could well-assist patients diagnosed with mental disorders. Greater benefits could be achieved by well-designed interventions incorporating strategies with thoughtful consideration of the disease characteristics. Mobile applications present the potential to be effective supplements to clinical treatment.
系统评价和荟萃分析评估了用于诊断为精神障碍的患者的移动应用程序的有效性。
在五个数据库（包括 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL 和 PsychInfo）中进行了电子文献搜索。使用的关键词是“精神障碍”、“精神疾病”、“移动电话”、“智能手机”、“移动健康”、“应用程序”和“应用”。搜索仅限于以英语和韩语撰写的随机对照试验 (RCT)。
纳入的分析包括 14 项 RCT，涉及 1307 名被诊断为抑郁症、精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的患者。纳入的研究发表于 2012 年至 2020 年之间，使用移动应用程序。使用偏倚风险工具评估方法学质量，纳入研究的总体偏倚风险为中度。汇总数据有利于减少抑郁（标准化均数差 [SMD] = -0.255，95%置信区间：-0.370 至 -0.141）、躁狂症状（SMD = -0.279，95%置信区间：-0.456 至 -0.102）、阳性（SMD = -0.205，95%置信区间：-0.388 至 -0.022）和阴性精神病症状（SMD = -0.406，95%置信区间：-0.791 至 -0.020）的精神障碍相关症状的移动应用程序干预措施。亚组分析表明，将反馈、通知和数据跟踪功能纳入移动应用程序干预措施可产生更好的结果。
本综述提供了证据表明，移动应用程序可以很好地帮助诊断为精神障碍的患者。通过精心设计的干预措施，结合对疾病特征的深思熟虑的策略，可以实现更大的收益。移动应用程序有可能成为临床治疗的有效补充。
