Humayun Muhammad, Wang Chundong, Luo Wei
School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Engineering Research Center for Functional Ceramics of the Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
Small Methods. 2022 Feb;6(2):e2101395. doi: 10.1002/smtd.202101395. Epub 2021 Dec 16.
Photocatalysis is an advanced technique that transforms solar energy into sustainable fuels and oxidizes pollutants via the aid of semiconductor photocatalysts. The main scientific and technological challenges for effective photocatalysis are the stability, robustness, and efficiency of semiconductor photocatalysts. For practical applications, researchers are trying to develop highly efficient and stable photocatalysts. Since the literature is highly scattered, it is urgent to write a critical review that summarizes the state-of-the-art progress in the design of a variety of semiconductor composite photocatalysts for energy and environmental applications. Herein, a comprehensive review is presented that summarizes an overview, history, mechanism, advantages, and challenges of semiconductor photocatalysis. Further, the recent advancements in the design of heterostructure photocatalysts including alloy quantum dots based composites, carbon based composites including carbon nanotubes, carbon quantum dots, graphitic carbon nitride, and graphene, covalent-organic frameworks based composites, metal based composites including metal carbides, metal halide perovskites, metal nitrides, metal oxides, metal phosphides, and metal sulfides, metal-organic frameworks based composites, plasmonic materials based composites and single atom based composites for CO conversion, H evolution, and pollutants oxidation are discussed elaborately. Finally, perspectives for further improvement in the design of composite materials for efficient photocatalysis are provided.
光催化是一种先进技术，可借助半导体光催化剂将太阳能转化为可持续燃料并氧化污染物。有效光催化面临的主要科技挑战是半导体光催化剂的稳定性、坚固性和效率。对于实际应用，研究人员正致力于开发高效且稳定的光催化剂。由于文献高度分散，迫切需要撰写一篇批判性综述，总结用于能源和环境应用的各种半导体复合光催化剂设计的最新进展。在此，本文给出了一篇全面综述，总结了半导体光催化的概述、历史、机理、优势和挑战。此外，还详细讨论了异质结构光催化剂设计的最新进展，包括基于合金量子点的复合材料、基于碳的复合材料（包括碳纳米管、碳量子点、石墨相氮化碳和石墨烯）、基于共价有机框架的复合材料、基于金属的复合材料（包括金属碳化物、金属卤化物钙钛矿、金属氮化物、金属氧化物、金属磷化物和金属硫化物）、基于金属有机框架的复合材料、基于等离子体材料的复合材料以及用于CO转化、析氢和污染物氧化的基于单原子的复合材料。最后，给出了高效光催化复合材料设计进一步改进的展望。
