Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China.
Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No.21 Bohai road, Caofeidian New Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei province, People's Republic of China.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Apr;200(4):1640-1649. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02637-x. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
Lanthanum can induce neurotoxicity and impair cognitive function; therefore, research on the mechanism by which the ability to learning and memory is decreased by lanthanum is vitally important for protecting health. Microglia are a type of neuroglia located throughout the brain and spinal cord that play an important role in the central nervous system. When overactive, these cells can cause the excessive production of inflammatory cytokines that can damage neighboring neurons. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of lanthanum in the form of lanthanum chloride (LaCl) on learning and the memory of mice and determine whether there is a relationship between hippocampal neurons or learning and memory damage and excessive production of inflammatory cytokines. Four groups of pregnant Chinese Kun Ming mice were exposed to 0, 18, 36, or 72 mM LaCl in their drinking water during lactation. The offspring were then exposed to LaCl in the breast milk at birth until weaning and then exposed to these concentrations in their drinking water for 2 months after weaning. The results showed that LaCl impaired learning and memory in mice and injured their neurons, activated the microglia, and significantly overregulated the mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and nitric oxide in the hippocampus. The results of this study suggest that lanthanum can impair learning and memory in mice, possibly by over-activating the microglia.
镧可诱导神经毒性并损害认知功能；因此，研究镧降低学习和记忆能力的机制对于保护健康至关重要。小胶质细胞是一种位于大脑和脊髓中的神经胶质细胞，在中枢神经系统中发挥重要作用。当过度活跃时，这些细胞会导致过度产生炎症细胞因子，从而损害邻近的神经元。本研究旨在探讨氯化镧（LaCl）形式的镧对小鼠学习和记忆的影响，并确定海马神经元或学习和记忆损伤与炎症细胞因子过度产生之间是否存在关系。四组孕昆明种小鼠在哺乳期暴露于饮用水中的 0、18、36 或 72 mM LaCl 中。然后，后代在出生时通过母乳接触 LaCl，并在断奶后继续在饮用水中接触这些浓度 2 个月。结果表明，LaCl 损害了小鼠的学习和记忆能力，损伤了其神经元，激活了小胶质细胞，并显著过度调节了海马体中肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-6、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1 和一氧化氮的 mRNA 和蛋白表达。本研究结果提示，镧可损害小鼠的学习和记忆能力，可能是通过过度激活小胶质细胞。
