Qin Yu-Wen, Fei Cheng-Hao, Zhang Wei, Li Yu, Xu Zhen, Su Lian-Lin, Ji De, Mao Chun-Qin, Lu Tu-Lin
School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China.
School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei 230012, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2022 Jan;47(1):24-35. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210817.603.
Derived from Curcuma plants, Curcumae Longae Rhizoma, Curcumae Rhizoma, Wenyujin Rhizoma Concisum, and Curcumae Radix are common blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicinals in clinical practice, which are mainly used to treat amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, chest impediment and heart pain, and rheumatic arthralgia caused by blood stasis block. According to modern research, the typical components in medicinals derived from Curcuma plants, like curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, curdione, germacrone, curcumol, and β-elemene, have the activities of hemorheology improvement, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-thrombosis, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, and anti-fibrosis, thereby activating blood and resolving stasis. However, due to the difference in origin, medicinal part, processing, and other aspects, the efficacy and clinical application are different. The efficacy-related substances behind the difference have not yet been systematically studied. Thus, focusing on the efficacy-related substances, this study reviewed the background, efficacy and clinical application, efficacy-related substances, and "prediction-identification-verification" research method of blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicinals derived from Curcuma plants, which is expected to lay a theoretical basis for the future research on the "similarities and differences" of such medicinals based on integrated evidence chain and to guide the scientific and rational application of them in clinical practice.
姜黄、莪术、温郁金、姜黄根是临床常用的活血化瘀药,均来源于姜黄属植物,主要用于治疗瘀血阻滞所致的闭经、痛经、胸痹心痛、风湿痹痛等。现代研究表明,姜黄属植物类药材中的典型成分,如姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素、双去甲氧基姜黄素、莪术二酮、吉马酮、莪术醇和β-榄香烯等,具有改善血液流变学、抗血小板聚集、抗血栓形成、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗纤维化等活性,从而起到活血化瘀的作用。然而,由于其来源、药用部位、炮制等方面存在差异,其功效及临床应用也有所不同,差异背后的效应物质尚未得到系统研究。因此,本研究围绕效应物质,对姜黄属植物类活血化瘀药的研究背景、功效及临床应用、效应物质以及“预测-鉴定-验证”研究方法进行综述,以期为今后基于完整证据链开展该类药材“异同”研究奠定理论基础,并指导其在临床实践中的科学合理应用。