Department of Excellence of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, University "Politecnica delle Marche" of Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 Feb;26(3):750-754. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202202_27982.
The oral fluid was demonstrated as an effective matrix to assess drug consumption in forensic settings. Recently, the increasing number of intoxications related to New Psychoactive Substances raised the attention of the scientific community. To this concern, different analytical methods to detect and quantify NPS in oral fluids were developed and validated, most of them based on hyphenated techniques.
A broad-ranging search was conducted on multidisciplinary research databases using "New Psychoactive Substances", "oral fluid", "toxicological analysis", "analytical method", "targeted method", "HPLC-MS/MS", "GC-MS", "GC-MS/MS" alone or in combination as search strings. All research articles published between 2017 and 2021 were considered.
Different chromatographic-spectrometric methods to detect and quantify the NPS in oral fluid were reported in the literature. The classes of NPS explored were synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, new designer benzodiazepines, synthetic opioids, fentanyl analogues, tryptamines, and phenethylamines. The most used technique was HPLC-MS/MS due to the sensitivity and high throughput. The GC-MS technique was preferred for synthetic cannabinoids, anyway different HPLC-MS/MS methods were developed. Moreover, the LC-HRMS technique was applied for the development of an analytical assay to detect new synthetic opioids and fentanyl analogues.
The analytical interest on oral fluid as an effective matrix to assess drug exposure is increasing. The hyphenated techniques were demonstrated effective in the detection of NPS in oral fluids. The most suitable techniques are HPLC-MS/MS due to the sensitivity and the possibility to include different classes of substances in a single analytical run.
唾液已被证明是评估法医环境中药物使用的有效基质。最近，与新型精神活性物质相关的中毒数量不断增加，引起了科学界的关注。针对这一问题，已经开发并验证了许多不同的分析方法来检测和定量唾液中的新型精神活性物质，其中大多数方法基于联用技术。
在多学科研究数据库中，使用“新型精神活性物质”、“唾液”、“毒理学分析”、“分析方法”、“靶向方法”、“HPLC-MS/MS”、“GC-MS”、“GC-MS/MS”等作为检索字符串，广泛搜索相关文献。考虑了 2017 年至 2021 年期间发表的所有研究文章。
文献中报道了多种用于检测和定量唾液中新型精神活性物质的色谱-光谱方法。所研究的新型精神活性物质类别包括合成大麻素、合成苯丙胺、新型苯二氮䓬类药物、合成阿片类药物、芬太尼类似物、色胺和苯乙胺。由于灵敏度和高通量，最常用的技术是 HPLC-MS/MS。尽管如此，GC-MS 技术仍被用于合成大麻素的检测，并且开发了不同的 HPLC-MS/MS 方法。此外，LC-HRMS 技术已应用于开发用于检测新型合成阿片类药物和芬太尼类似物的分析方法。
将唾液作为评估药物暴露的有效基质的分析兴趣正在增加。联用技术已被证明可有效检测唾液中的新型精神活性物质。由于灵敏度和在单次分析运行中包含不同类别的物质的可能性，最适合的技术是 HPLC-MS/MS。
