Dikmetas Ozlem, Aygün Orhan, Kocabeyoglu Sibel, Süslü Ahmet E, Kilic Büsra, Karakaya Jale, Iester Michele, Irkec Murat
Departments of Ophthalmology.
Department of Otolaryngology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
J Glaucoma. 2022 May 1;31(5):300-304. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000001999. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
This cross-sectional study of 20 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 20 with exfoliative glaucoma (XFG), 20 with exfoliation syndrome (XS) showed that exfoliative group had a significantly lower smell identification level as compared with the control groups.
To investigate smell sensitivity in POAG, XFG, and XFS in comparison with healthy controls.
This prospective, cross-sectional study included 20 patients with POAG, 20 with XFG, and 20 with XFS. The control group consisted of 20 age-matched and sex-matched healthy subjects with no evidence of ocular disease. The Sniffin' Sticks smell test was used to determine the, threshold values, and to assess the ability of smell identification, and differentiation in all patients One eye per patient was included for statistical purposes. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the differences between the groups. Tukey honestly significant difference was used as a post hoc test when significant differences were detected among the 3 groups.
The XFG, POAG, and control groups showed a significant difference in the odor discrimination, odor identification, and threshold discrimination identification scores. The median (minimum-maximum) smell threshold levels for the POAG, XFG, and XFS groups and healthy controls were 4.5 (0 to 7.5), 4 (0 to 7.5), 5 (4.5 to 6), and 5.5 (4 to 7.5), respectively. The smell differentiation values for the POAG, XFG, and XFS groups and healthy controls were 12 (2 to 14), 8 (0 to 13), 11 (10 to 13), and 12 (9 to 14), respectively. Smell sensitivity for the POAG, XFG, and XFS groups and healthy controls were 26 (4 to 30.5), 19 (0 to 29.5), 28.3 (22.8 to 30.5), and 29 (26.5 to 32), respectively. The smell sensitivity and differentiation were significantly different among the groups (P<0.001). The XFG group had a significantly lower smell identification level than the POAG, XFS, and control groups.
Patients with XFS and XFG revealed reduced smell sensitivity and identification compared with patients with POAG and those without glaucoma. These findings provide new insights into neural degeneration and pseudoexfoliation.
本横断面研究纳入了20例原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）患者、20例剥脱性青光眼（XFG）患者和20例剥脱综合征（XS）患者，结果显示剥脱性青光眼组的嗅觉识别水平显著低于对照组。
与健康对照相比，研究POAG、XFG和XFS患者的嗅觉敏感性。
本前瞻性横断面研究纳入了20例POAG患者、20例XFG患者和20例XFS患者。对照组由20名年龄和性别匹配的健康受试者组成，无眼部疾病证据。使用嗅棒嗅觉测试来确定阈值，并评估所有患者的嗅觉识别和辨别能力。为统计目的，每位患者纳入一只眼睛。采用单因素方差分析比较各组之间的差异。当在3组之间检测到显著差异时，使用Tukey真实显著差异作为事后检验。
XFG组、POAG组和对照组在气味辨别、气味识别和阈值辨别识别分数上存在显著差异。POAG组、XFG组、XFS组和健康对照组的嗅觉阈值水平中位数（最小值 - 最大值）分别为4.5（0至7.5）、4（0至7.5）、5（4.5至6）和5.5（4至7.5）。POAG组、XFG组、XFS组和健康对照组的气味辨别值分别为12（2至14）、8（0至13）、11（10至13）和12（9至14）。POAG组、XFG组、XFS组和健康对照组的嗅觉敏感性分别为26（4至30.5）、19（0至29.5）、28.3（22.8至30.5）和29（26.5至32）。各组之间的嗅觉敏感性和辨别能力存在显著差异（P<0.001）。XFG组的嗅觉识别水平显著低于POAG组、XFS组和对照组。
与POAG患者和无青光眼患者相比，XFS和XFG患者的嗅觉敏感性和识别能力降低。这些发现为神经退行性变和假性剥脱提供了新的见解。
