Tryggvason Geir, Jonasson Fridbert, Cotch Mary Frances, Li Chuan-Ming, Hoffman Howard J, Themann Christa L, Eiriksdottir Gudny, Sverrisdottir Jóhanna Eyrún, Harris Tamara B, Launer Lenore J, Gudnason Vilmundur, Petersen Hannes
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Ophthalmology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Acta Ophthalmol. 2016 Mar;94(2):140-6. doi: 10.1111/aos.12914. Epub 2015 Nov 7.
To determine whether adults, aged 66-96 years, with exfoliation syndrome (XFS)/exfoliation glaucoma (XFG), or primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) have poorer hearing than controls of similar age.
Case (XFS/XFG and POAG) and control status was diagnosed in the Reykjavik Glaucoma Studies (RGS) using slit-lamp examination, visual field testing and optic disc photographs; the RGS data were merged with the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study that collected hearing data using air-conduction, pure-tone thresholds obtained at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz categorized by better ear and worse ear, based on pure-tone averages (PTAs) calculated separately for low and middle frequencies (PTA512 - mean of thresholds at 0.5, 1 and 2 kHz) and high frequencies (PTA3468 - mean of thresholds at 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz). Multivariable linear regression was used to test for differences in PTAs between cases and controls.
The mean age for 158 XFS/XFG cases (30.4% male) was 77.4 years, 95 POAG cases (35.8% male) was 77.9 years, and 123 controls (46.3% male) was 76.8 years. Using multivariable linear regression analysis, there were no consistent, statistically significant differences in PTAs between the two case groups and controls in either the low- or high-frequency range, even when stratified by age group.
Among the older individuals examined in this study hearing loss is highly prevalent and strongly associated with male gender and increasing age. As we did not find consistent statistically significant difference in hearing between cases and controls the diagnosis of XFS/XFG or POAG does not as such routinely call for audiological evaluation.
确定66至96岁患有剥脱综合征（XFS）/剥脱性青光眼（XFG）或原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）的成年人听力是否比年龄相仿的对照组更差。
在雷克雅未克青光眼研究（RGS）中，通过裂隙灯检查、视野测试和视盘照片诊断病例（XFS/XFG和POAG）和对照状态；RGS数据与年龄、基因/环境易感性-雷克雅未克研究合并，该研究使用气导收集听力数据，根据分别为低频（PTA512 - 0.5、1和2 kHz阈值的平均值）和高频（PTA3468 - 3、4、6和8 kHz阈值的平均值）计算的纯音平均值，得出0.5、1、2、3、4、6和8 kHz处的纯音阈值，并按较好耳和较差耳分类。使用多变量线性回归测试病例组和对照组之间纯音平均值的差异。
158例XFS/XFG病例（男性占30.4%）的平均年龄为77.4岁，95例POAG病例（男性占35.8%）的平均年龄为77.9岁，123名对照（男性占4,6.3%）的平均年龄为76.8岁。使用多变量线性回归分析，在低频或高频范围内，两个病例组与对照组之间无论按年龄组分层与否，纯音平均值均无一致的、具有统计学意义的差异。
在本研究中检查的老年个体中，听力损失非常普遍，并且与男性性别和年龄增长密切相关。由于我们未发现病例组和对照组在听力方面存在一致的具有统计学意义的差异，因此XFS/XFG或POAG的诊断通常不需要进行听力评估。
