Yang Lili, Wu Han, Zhao Min, Magnussen Costan G, Xi Bo
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Environ Int. 2022 Mar;161:107142. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107142. Epub 2022 Feb 15.
Tobacco use, secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and household solid fuel use in women of reproductive age can cause morbidity and mortality for both women and offspring.
We aimed to determine the prevalence of tobacco use, SHS exposure at home and household solid fuel use among women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and their secular trends between 2000 and 2018.
We used the most recent data from the Demographic and Health Surveys in 57 LMICs (n = 1,598,111) that were completed between 2010 and 2018 to assess the prevalence of tobacco use, SHS exposure at home and household solid fuel use among women of reproductive age (15-49 years). We also used data from 41 selected LMICs that had data from two or more surveys completed between 2000 and 2018 to assess secular trends in the prevalence of tobacco use and household solid fuel use among women.
In 2010-2018, the overall prevalence of tobacco use, daily SHS exposure at home and household solid fuel use among women in 57 LMICs was 3.2% (95 %CI = 3.1-3.3), 23.0% (22.8-23.2), and 65.6% (65.3-65.9), respectively. The prevalence of tobacco use was lower among pregnant women than non-pregnant women (2.1% vs. 3.3%), but the prevalence of daily SHS exposure at home (24.4% vs. 22.8%) and household solid fuel use (69.1% vs. 65.3%) was higher among pregnant women than non-pregnant women. About 16% of the women presented two or three simultaneous risk factors. Between 2000 and 2018, the prevalence of tobacco use decreased in 24 (64.9%) of 37 countries, and the prevalence of household solid fuel use decreased in 20 (50.0%) of 40 countries.
Tobacco use among women was much low in LMICs, but SHS exposure at home was more common. Although the prevalence of household solid fuel use decreased over time in most LMICs, these recent estimates remained unacceptably high.
育龄妇女使用烟草、接触二手烟（SHS）和使用家用固体燃料会导致妇女及其后代发病和死亡。
我们旨在确定低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）妇女中烟草使用、家庭SHS暴露和家用固体燃料使用的流行率及其在2000年至2018年期间的长期趋势。
我们使用了57个LMICs（n = 1,598,111）在2010年至2018年期间完成的人口与健康调查的最新数据，以评估育龄妇女（15 - 49岁）中烟草使用、家庭SHS暴露和家用固体燃料使用的流行率。我们还使用了41个选定的LMICs的数据，这些国家有2000年至2018年期间完成的两项或更多调查的数据，以评估妇女中烟草使用和家用固体燃料使用流行率的长期趋势。
在2010 - 2018年期间，57个LMICs妇女中烟草使用、家庭每日SHS暴露和家用固体燃料使用的总体流行率分别为3.2%（95%CI = 3.1 - 3.3）、23.0%（22.8 - 23.2）和65.6%（65.3 - 65.9）。孕妇中烟草使用的流行率低于非孕妇（2.1%对3.3%），但孕妇中家庭每日SHS暴露（24.4%对22.8%）和家用固体燃料使用（69.1%对65.3%）的流行率高于非孕妇。约16%的妇女存在两种或三种同时存在的风险因素。在2000年至2018年期间，37个国家中有24个（64.9%）国家烟草使用的流行率下降，40个国家中有二十个（50.0%）国家家用固体燃料使用的流行率下降。
LMICs中妇女烟草使用率较低，但家庭SHS暴露更为常见。尽管大多数LMICs家用固体燃料使用的流行率随时间下降，但这些最新估计值仍然高得令人无法接受。
