Singh Jaskaran, Matern Lukas H, Bittner Edward A, Chang Marvin G
Anesthesiology and Critical Care, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Feb 15;14(2):e22249. doi: 10.7759/cureus.22249. eCollection 2022 Feb.
Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is increasingly recognized as a safe, efficacious, and cost-effective diagnostic and procedural tool used by many medical disciplines. Although standardized POCUS curricula are lacking, simulation represents an effective modality to teach the fundamentals of POCUS in medical education. We sought to characterize POCUS simulation cases available within MedEdPORTAL, the primary repository of learning resources for health professions, to highlight areas for future curricular development and study. This systematic review was performed based on a comprehensive search of MedEdPORTAL. Identified simulations were categorized and contrasted with respect to their target audiences, settings, pathologies, required materials and equipment, and POCUS techniques tested. A total of eight curricula were identified. The majority (6/8) were targeted at trainees in acute care specialties. Pathologies included in most simulations involved cardiac or pericardial disease, although obstetric and medical diseases were also tested in isolated cases. While half (4/8) of the identified simulation curricula incorporated diagnostic POCUS interpretation, only a few (2/8) allowed for high-fidelity ultrasound simulation. While self-reported learner satisfaction appeared to be generally high, most (7/8) identified curricula did not include objective assessments of learning outcomes. A small number of simulation-based POCUS curricula have been published within MedEdPORTAL. The widespread use of simulation for POCUS may be limited by the financial costs of high-fidelity training equipment. While simulation provides a highly promising solution to the need for greater instruction in POCUS, there is a need for comprehensive, standardized, and cost-effective curricula that can be adapted to varied educational environments.
床旁超声检查（POCUS）越来越被视为一种安全、有效且具有成本效益的诊断和操作工具，被许多医学学科所使用。尽管缺乏标准化的POCUS课程，但模拟教学是在医学教育中教授POCUS基础知识的一种有效方式。我们试图对医学教育资源主要库MedEdPORTAL中可用的POCUS模拟案例进行特征描述，以突出未来课程开发和研究的领域。本系统评价是基于对MedEdPORTAL的全面搜索进行的。对识别出的模拟案例按照目标受众、场景、病理情况、所需材料和设备以及所测试的POCUS技术进行分类和对比。共识别出八门课程。大多数（6/8）针对急性护理专业的学员。大多数模拟案例中包含的病理情况涉及心脏或心包疾病，不过产科和内科疾病在个别案例中也有测试。虽然已识别的模拟课程中有一半（4/8）纳入了诊断性POCUS解读，但只有少数（2/8）允许进行高保真超声模拟。虽然自我报告的学习者满意度似乎普遍较高，但大多数（7/8）已识别的课程未包括对学习成果的客观评估。MedEdPORTAL内已发表了少量基于模拟的POCUS课程。高保真培训设备的财务成本可能会限制模拟教学在POCUS中的广泛应用。虽然模拟教学为满足POCUS更多教学需求提供了一个非常有前景的解决方案，但需要有全面、标准化且具有成本效益的课程，能够适应不同的教育环境。
