Yeh Li-Jen, Shen Te-Chun, Sun Kuo-Ting, Lin Cheng-Li, Hsia Ning-Yi
Department of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Feb 4;9:721119. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.721119. eCollection 2022.
Periodontitis can lead to systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, contributing to the development of various diseases. Periodontitis could also be associated with several ocular diseases.
We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan to evaluate the risk of cataract in people with and without periodontitis. We established a periodontitis cohort and a non-periodontitis cohort, which included 359,254 individuals between 2000 and 2012. Age, gender, and enrolled year were matched. All participants were monitored until the end of 2013. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs).
Patients with periodontitis had a significantly higher risk to develop cataract than those without periodontitis [10.7 vs. 7.91 per 1,000 person-years, crude HR = 1.35 (95% CI = 1.32-1.39), and adjusted HR = 1.33 (95% CI = 1.30-1.36)]. The significant levels remained the same after stratifying by age, gender, presence of comorbidity, and use of corticosteroid. In addition, we found that diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia had a synergistic effect in the interaction of periodontitis and cataract development.
Patients with periodontitis have a higher risk of cataract development than those without periodontitis. Such patients may request frequent ocular health check-up. Further studies should be performed to confirm the association and to understand the mechanisms.
牙周炎可导致全身炎症和氧化应激，促使各种疾病的发生。牙周炎还可能与多种眼部疾病有关。
我们利用台湾国民健康保险研究数据库进行了一项基于人群的回顾性队列研究，以评估患有和未患有牙周炎的人群患白内障的风险。我们建立了一个牙周炎队列和一个非牙周炎队列，其中包括2000年至2012年间的359254人。年龄、性别和入组年份进行了匹配。所有参与者均被监测至2013年底。应用Cox比例风险模型来估计风险比（HRs）和置信区间（CIs）。
患有牙周炎的患者患白内障的风险显著高于未患有牙周炎的患者[每1000人年分别为10.7例和7.91例，粗风险比=1.35（95%置信区间=1.32-1.39），调整后风险比=1.33（95%置信区间=1.30-1.36）]。按年龄、性别、合并症的存在情况和皮质类固醇的使用情况进行分层后，显著水平保持不变。此外，我们发现糖尿病和高脂血症在牙周炎与白内障发生的相互作用中具有协同效应。
患有牙周炎的患者比未患有牙周炎的患者患白内障的风险更高。此类患者可能需要频繁进行眼部健康检查。应进行进一步研究以证实这种关联并了解其机制。
