Higher Risk of Gastric Infection in Patients with Periodontitis: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study in Taiwan.

Periodontitis is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory oral disease that is characterized by tooth loss and is commonly associated with several systemic inflammatory diseases. Some epidemiological studies suggest that those suffering from periodontitis might be at a greater risk of developing gastric () infection; however, evidence that showing the association between periodontitis and the risk of gastric infection is less clear. We conducted a large-scale, population-based study in Taiwan with a 13-year follow-up period to evaluate the risk of gastric in a periodontitis patient cohort. To conduct this study, we used epidemiological data from the Taiwanese Longitudinal National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from 2000 to 2013. We selected 134,474 participants (64,868 males and 69,606 females with a minimum age of 20 years), with and without periodontitis, and matched patient cohort groups for age, sex, index year, and co-morbidities. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the risk of gastric infection in patients with periodontitis. Patients with periodontitis exhibited a higher risk of developing gastric infection compared to those individuals/groups without periodontitis (1.35 vs. 0.87 per 1000 person-years, adjusted the hazards ratio (aHR 1.52), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 1.38-1.67, < 0.001). The risk of gastric infection persisted even after stratifying by age (aHR = 1.96 (1.79-2.13) for 50-64 years and 1.70 (1.49-1.94) for ≥65 years), gender (aHR = 1.20 (1.11-1.29) for men), and presence of comorbidities of hypertension (aHR = 1.24 (1.11-1.38)), hyperlipidemia (aHR = 1.28 (1.14-1.42)), COPD (aHR = 1.45 (1.31-1.61)), CLD (aHR = 1.62 (1.47-1.77)) and CKD (aHR = 1.44 (1.04-1.99)). Overall, our findings showed that periodontitis patients have a greater risk for gastric than individuals without periodontitis. Clinicians should perform regular good oral hygiene practices, along with newer treatments, for patients with periodontitis, especially those at higher risk of gastric infection.