Fagervold S K, Lebaron P
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, LBBM, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-mer, France.
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, LBBM, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-mer, France.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jun 20;826:154013. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154013. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
Organic UV filters are present in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to the use of these compounds in many personal care products (PCPs) and their subsequent release into the wastewater system from showering/bathing. Once in the wastewater system, organic UV filters generally partition into the solid phase but might also undergo other processes, such as degradation by microorganisms. To further understand the fate of organic UV filters in WWTPs, the degradation of 7 UV filters by WWTP sludge was investigated The UV filters 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (ES), homosalate (HS), butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (BM) and octocrylene (OC) were degraded after 20-60 days. The rest of the filters tested, namely, bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine (BEMT), methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol (MBBT) and diethylhexyl butamido triazone (DBT), did not degrade even after 120 days of incubation. The microbial community from the microcosms degrading ES, HS, OC and BM was transferred every 30 days into new microcosms to enrich for microorganisms capable of utilizing the individual UV filters for growth. The enrichment cultures continued to degrade throughout 20 transfers. The microbial community was clearly different between the enrichments degrading ES, HS, OC and BM, meaning that the microbial community was strongly influenced by the UV filter present. Furthermore, several strains were isolated from OC-degrading cultures and two of these strains, Gordonia sp. strain OC_S5 and Sphingopyxis sp. strain OC_4D, degraded OC with and without other carbon sources present. These experiments show that several organic UV filters can be degraded by a specific set of microorganisms. The lack of degradation observed for BEMT, MBBT and DBT is probably due to limited bioavailability. Indeed, this is the first biodegradation study of these filters, in addition to being the first description of ES and HS degradation in microcosm experiments.
由于许多个人护理产品（PCP）中使用了有机紫外线过滤器，且这些化合物随后会通过淋浴/沐浴释放到废水系统中，所以污水处理厂（WWTP）中存在有机紫外线过滤器。一旦进入废水系统，有机紫外线过滤器通常会分配到固相，但也可能经历其他过程，例如被微生物降解。为了进一步了解有机紫外线过滤器在污水处理厂中的归宿，研究了污水处理厂污泥对7种紫外线过滤器的降解情况。紫外线过滤器2-乙基己基水杨酸酯（ES）、胡莫柳酯（HS）、丁基甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷（BM）和奥克立林（OC）在20-60天后被降解。其余测试的过滤器，即双-乙基己基氧基苯酚甲氧基苯基三嗪（BEMT）、亚甲基双苯并三唑基四甲基丁基苯酚（MBBT）和二乙氨基羟苯甲酰基苯甲酸己酯（DBT），即使在培养120天后也没有降解。每隔30天，将降解ES、HS、OC和BM的微观世界中的微生物群落转移到新的微观世界中，以富集能够利用单个紫外线过滤器生长的微生物。富集培养物在20次转移过程中持续降解。降解ES、HS、OC和BM的富集培养物中的微生物群落明显不同，这意味着微生物群落受到存在的紫外线过滤器的强烈影响。此外，从降解OC的培养物中分离出了几种菌株，其中两种菌株，戈登氏菌属菌株OC_S5和鞘氨醇单胞菌属菌株OC_4D，在有或没有其他碳源的情况下都能降解OC。这些实验表明，几种有机紫外线过滤器可以被一组特定的微生物降解。观察到BEMT、MBBT和DBT缺乏降解可能是由于生物可利用性有限。事实上，这是这些过滤器的首次生物降解研究，也是微观实验中对ES和HS降解的首次描述。
