Knobel Phil, Zhao Xiang, Müller Jennifer K, Grigoleit Leon-Philipp
Institute of Psychology, University of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt Am Wörthersee, Austria.
School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Psychol Health Med. 2023 Feb;28(2):316-323. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2041205. Epub 2022 Feb 21.
As a preventable disease, skin cancer is a public health issue in Austria. Most sun-safety studies focus on people's activities in summer, but little is known about sun-protective behavior in winter. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study examines psychological perceptions among people who engage in winter sports in Austria. Following a TPB-based belief elicitation study, a consequent survey was conducted among 114 participants (51.8% female; = 29.54 years) in South Austria. Intention, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and risk perception showed strong and significant associations with sun-safe behavior among people who engage in winter sports. The TPB framework explained a large portion of variance in sun-safe behavior (75%) and intention (73%). Gender differences have been identified in TPB-variables as well as several beliefs. Based on the utility of the TPB, our findings suggest guidelines for sun-safety in winter sports settings. Gender differences are in line with previous research, highlighting the vulnerability of men to sun damage during winter sports.
作为一种可预防的疾病，皮肤癌在奥地利是一个公共卫生问题。大多数阳光安全研究都集中在人们夏季的活动上，但对于冬季的防晒行为却知之甚少。基于计划行为理论（TPB），本研究调查了奥地利从事冬季运动人群的心理认知。在一项基于TPB的信念诱导研究之后，对奥地利南部的114名参与者（51.8%为女性；平均年龄=29.54岁）进行了后续调查。意图、态度、主观规范、感知行为控制和风险认知与从事冬季运动人群的阳光安全行为之间存在强烈且显著的关联。TPB框架解释了阳光安全行为（75%）和意图（73%）中很大一部分的差异。在TPB变量以及一些信念方面发现了性别差异。基于TPB的效用，我们的研究结果为冬季运动场景中的阳光安全提供了指导方针。性别差异与先前的研究一致，突出了男性在冬季运动期间易受阳光伤害的特点。
