Dutcher J S, Li A P, McClellan R O
Environ Res. 1986 Jun;40(1):155-63. doi: 10.1016/s0013-9351(86)80091-3.
The Salmonella mutagenicity assay was used to compare the mutagenic activity of used crankcase oil (UCO) from diesel and spark-ignition (gasoline) engine passenger cars. UCO samples were obtained during periodic oil changes from 9 spark-ignition and 10 diesel-powered vehicles. Five samples of unused motor oil were also tested. Direct tests of UCO did not detect mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA-98. Therefore, an extraction procedure was used to concentrate the mutagens and remove interfering chemicals. Extracts were tested both with and without Aroclor-1254-induced rat liver homogenate fraction (S-9). Dose-dependent mutagenicity with and without S-9 was observed in both diesel and spark-ignition engine UCO extracts. Mutagenic activity was also found in unused oil extracts, but it was lower than that in UCO extracts and generally required addition of S-9. The mutagenic potency of diesel UCO extracts was similar to that of gasoline UCO extracts, both with and without addition of S-9. This indicated that potential health risks associated with disposal, handling, and recycling of diesel UCO may not be significantly different from those of UCO from gasoline engines.
沙门氏菌致突变性试验用于比较柴油发动机乘用车和火花点火（汽油）发动机乘用车使用过的曲轴箱油（UCO）的致突变活性。UCO样品是在对9辆火花点火车辆和10辆柴油动力车辆定期换油期间获取的。还对5份未使用的机油样品进行了测试。对UCO的直接测试未在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA - 98菌株中检测到致突变活性。因此，采用了一种提取程序来浓缩诱变剂并去除干扰化学物质。提取物在有和没有Aroclor - 1254诱导的大鼠肝脏匀浆组分（S - 9）的情况下都进行了测试。在柴油发动机和火花点火发动机的UCO提取物中均观察到有和没有S - 9时的剂量依赖性致突变性。在未使用的油提取物中也发现了致突变活性，但低于UCO提取物中的活性，并且通常需要添加S - 9。无论添加还是不添加S - 9，柴油UCO提取物的诱变效力与汽油UCO提取物的相似。这表明与柴油UCO的处置、处理和回收相关的潜在健康风险可能与汽油发动机的UCO没有显著差异。
