Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Ir J Med Sci. 2023 Feb;192(1):105-113. doi: 10.1007/s11845-022-02944-9. Epub 2022 Feb 22.
Endothelial dysfunction serves as an early marker for the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD); therefore, it is a site of therapeutic interventions to reduce the risk of CVD.
To examine the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), as an intervention, on structural and functional parameters of endothelial function, and how it may reduce the risk of CVD and associated mortality.
Medline database was searched for randomized controlled trials. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted on 21 independent datasets. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were performed to assess whether the effect of MedDiet was modified by health status (healthy subjects or with increased CVD risk), type of MedDiet intervention (alone or combined), type of parameter (functional or structural), study design (cross-over or parallel), BMI, age, and study duration. Our study used sample size, mean, and standard deviation of endothelial function measurements for both MedDiet intervention and control in the analyses.
Inverse relationship between endothelial function and intake of MedDiet was observed (SMD: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.52; P = 0.0001). Overall, MedDiet increased FMD by 1.39% (95% CI: 0.47, 2.19; P < 0.001). There was a significant improvement in endothelial function in both healthy patients and in those with an increased risk of CVD. No significant variation was observed in the effects of MedDiet on endothelial function, due to study design or type of intervention.
These findings support that MedDiet can reduce the risk of CVD by improving endothelial function.
内皮功能障碍是心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险的早期标志物；因此，它是治疗干预的靶点，以降低 CVD 的风险。
研究地中海饮食 (MedDiet) 作为一种干预措施对内皮功能的结构和功能参数的影响，以及它如何降低 CVD 和相关死亡率的风险。
在 Medline 数据库中搜索随机对照试验。对 21 个独立数据集进行了随机效应荟萃分析。进行了荟萃回归和亚组分析，以评估 MedDiet 的作用是否因健康状况（健康受试者或 CVD 风险增加）、MedDiet 干预类型（单独或联合）、参数类型（功能或结构）、研究设计（交叉或平行）、BMI、年龄和研究持续时间而改变。我们的研究在分析中使用了样本量、内皮功能测量的平均值和标准差，分别用于 MedDiet 干预和对照组。
观察到内皮功能与 MedDiet 摄入量呈负相关（SMD：0.34；95%CI：0.16，0.52；P = 0.0001）。总体而言，MedDiet 使 FMD 增加了 1.39%（95%CI：0.47，2.19；P < 0.001）。在健康患者和 CVD 风险增加的患者中，内皮功能均有显著改善。由于研究设计或干预类型的不同，MedDiet 对内皮功能的影响没有明显变化。
这些发现支持 MedDiet 通过改善内皮功能来降低 CVD 的风险。
