Thor Siri, Hemmingsson Tomas, Danielsson Anna-Karin, Landberg Jonas
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Administration Tomtebodavägen 18 A, 5th floor, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden.
Stockholm University, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm SE - 106 91, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Box 210, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2022 Apr 1;233:109354. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109354. Epub 2022 Feb 17.
Few studies have assessed how children are affected by parental alcohol consumption without clinically diagnosed alcohol problems, especially in relation to more long-term and severe consequences. The aim is to investigate how fathers' alcohol use is related to the risk for substance-related disorders in offspring.
A prospective cohort study of 64 710 Swedish citizens whose fathers were conscripted for compulsory military training at ages 18-20 in 1969/70. Information on fathers' alcohol consumption, frequency of intoxication and apprehended for drunkenness, was collected during conscription. Offspring was followed for substance-related disorders from age 12 to end of follow up in 2009.
All measures of fathers' alcohol use were significantly and positively associated with risk for substance-related disorders in offspring. The associations were to a large extent explained by other risk factors in childhood. In the fully adjusted model, those with fathers in the highest alcohol consumption quintile still had a 63% higher risk (HR=1.63 CI 1.26-2.12) of substance-related disorders compared to those whose fathers' reported abstinence. The highest risk was found among offspring to fathers with alcohol-related disorders or that had been apprehended for drunkenness, with a more than two-fold increased risk for substance-related disorders.
Despite the lower risk found among offspring to fathers with sub-clinical drinking when compared to those with alcohol-related disorders, the former group accounts for a much larger proportion of all cases of substance-related disorders in the population, prompting universal prevention efforts targeting the level of total alcohol consumption in society.
很少有研究评估父母饮酒但无临床诊断酒精问题时孩子受到的影响，特别是与更长期和严重后果相关的影响。目的是调查父亲饮酒与后代物质相关障碍风险之间的关系。
对64710名瑞典公民进行前瞻性队列研究，这些公民的父亲于1969/70年18 - 20岁时应征参加义务军事训练。征兵期间收集了父亲饮酒情况、醉酒频率及因醉酒被捕的信息。对后代从12岁开始随访物质相关障碍情况直至2009年随访结束。
父亲饮酒的所有测量指标均与后代物质相关障碍风险显著正相关。这些关联在很大程度上由童年时期的其他风险因素所解释。在完全调整模型中，与报告父亲戒酒的人相比，父亲处于最高饮酒量五分位数的人患物质相关障碍的风险仍高出63%（风险比=1.63，置信区间1.26 - 2.12）。在父亲患有酒精相关障碍或因醉酒被捕的后代中发现风险最高，患物质相关障碍的风险增加了两倍多。
尽管与患有酒精相关障碍的父亲的后代相比，亚临床饮酒父亲的后代风险较低，但前一组在人群中所有物质相关障碍病例中所占比例要大得多，这促使针对社会总体酒精消费水平开展普遍预防工作。
