Fathi Mahdieh, Peiravian Farzad, Yousefi Nazila
Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharma Management, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Pharm Res. 2021 Fall;20(4):339-351. doi: 10.22037/ijpr.2021.115264.15282.
Pharmaceutical companies in developing countries are heavily influenced by the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement and economic liberalization rules. To adjust to the new patent regime, pharmaceutical companies had to adopt some strategies. A systematic review was conducted on the experiences of the pharmaceutical industry in developing countries and strategies adopted by local pharmaceutical companies to survive after the TRIPS agreement. Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest databases were searched, and twenty-five papers were reviewed. The pharmaceutical industry experiences have been classified into successful and unsuccessful experiences based on criteria developed by the authors. Firm strategies were also divided into four categories based on external and internal factors: aggressive, conservative, competitive, and defensive strategies. Companies were able to survive and even grow after the TRIPS agreement by rebuilding their structures, improving their competencies, and adopting appropriate strategies in line with the new conditions.
发展中国家的制药公司受到《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》（TRIPS协定）和经济自由化规则的严重影响。为适应新的专利制度，制药公司不得不采取一些策略。对发展中国家制药行业的经验以及当地制药公司在TRIPS协定之后为生存而采取的策略进行了系统综述。检索了Scopus、PubMed和ProQuest数据库，并对25篇论文进行了综述。根据作者制定的标准，制药行业的经验被分为成功经验和失败经验。企业策略也根据外部和内部因素分为四类：积极策略、保守策略、竞争策略和防御策略。通过重建结构、提升能力以及根据新情况采取适当策略，各公司在TRIPS协定之后得以生存甚至发展。
