Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Integrated Science Association (ISA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Poznań, Poland.
Astrobiology. 2022 Jun;22(6):672-684. doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0100. Epub 2022 Feb 22.
Cyanobacteria are good candidates for various martian applications as a potential source of food, fertilizer, oxygen, and biofuels. However, the increased levels of highly toxic perchlorates may be a significant obstacle to their growth on Mars. Therefore, in the present study, 17 cyanobacteria strains that belong to Chroococcales, Chroococcidiopsidales, Nostocales, Oscillatoriales, Pleurocapsales, and Synechococcales were exposed to 0.25-1.0% magnesium perchlorate concentrations (1.5-6.0 m ClO ions) for 14 days. The exposure to perchlorate induced at least partial inhibition of growth in all tested strains, although five of them were able to grow at the highest perchlorate concentration: , , , cf. , and . sp. demonstrated growth up to 0.5%. Strains that maintained growth displayed significantly increased malondialdehyde content, indicating perchlorate-induced oxidative stress, whereas the chlorophyll /carotenoids ratio tended to be decreased. The results show that selected cyanobacteria from different orders can tolerate perchlorate concentrations typical for the martian regolith, indicating that they may be useful in Mars exploration. Further studies are required to elucidate the biochemical and molecular basis for the perchlorate tolerance in selected cyanobacteria.
蓝藻是各种火星应用的理想候选者，可作为食物、肥料、氧气和生物燃料的潜在来源。然而，高浓度的高毒性高氯酸盐可能是它们在火星上生长的一个重大障碍。因此，在本研究中，将属于色球藻目、色球藻纲、念珠藻目、颤藻目、腔球藻目和聚球藻目的 17 株蓝藻菌株暴露于 0.25-1.0%的高氯酸盐浓度（1.5-6.0 m ClO 离子）下 14 天。高氯酸盐的暴露至少部分抑制了所有测试菌株的生长，尽管其中 5 株能够在最高高氯酸盐浓度下生长：,,, cf., 和 sp. 可生长至 0.5%。保持生长的菌株显示出丙二醛含量显著增加，表明高氯酸盐诱导的氧化应激，而叶绿素/类胡萝卜素的比值趋于下降。结果表明，来自不同目类的选定蓝藻可以耐受火星土壤中典型的高氯酸盐浓度，表明它们可能对火星探索有用。需要进一步的研究来阐明所选蓝藻耐高氯酸盐的生化和分子基础。
