Joseph R
J Clin Psychol. 1986 May;42(3):507-20. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198605)42:3<507::aid-jclp2270420318>3.0.co;2-r.
Various forms of confabulation, including denial of illness (e.g., paralysis, blindness), and conditions that often give rise to these disorders, such as cerebral disconnection, disinhibitory states, incomplete information reception, and "gap filling" are discussed. On the basis of clinical observation and a review of a number of studies, it appears that confabulatory states frequently are associated with cerebral damage that involves the right hemisphere, notably, the frontal (often bilaterally) and parietal lobes--areas intimately involved in arousal, attention, information regulation, and integration. With certain forms of injury, initially there appear disturbances in the organization, integration, and assimilation of ideas and associations, such that large gaps appear in the information transmitted to and received by the language axis of the left hemisphere. It is argued that in these instances, the language areas act so as to fill these "gaps" with information that, although inappropriate, is linked in some manner to the fragments received. In contrast, frontal lobe damage sometimes results in gross disinhibition and cortical overresponsiveness and, thus, speech release due to the flooding of the language axis (and other cortical regions) with tangential, fantastical, and grandiose associations. Other forms of confabulation also are reviewed briefly.
文中讨论了各种形式的虚构症，包括对疾病的否认（如瘫痪、失明），以及常常引发这些病症的情况，如大脑分离、去抑制状态、信息接收不完整和“填补空白”。基于临床观察和对多项研究的综述，虚构状态似乎常常与涉及右半球的脑损伤相关，特别是额叶（通常为双侧）和顶叶——这些区域与觉醒、注意力、信息调节和整合密切相关。在某些形式的损伤中，最初会出现观念和联想的组织、整合及同化方面的障碍，以至于传递到左半球语言轴并被其接收的信息中出现很大的空白。有人认为，在这些情况下，语言区域会用虽不恰当但以某种方式与所接收片段相关联的信息来填补这些“空白”。相比之下，额叶损伤有时会导致严重的去抑制和皮质反应过度，进而由于语言轴（及其他皮质区域）被切向、奇幻和夸张的联想充斥而导致言语释放。文中还简要回顾了其他形式的虚构症。
