Health Care Services, Tonya Vocational School of Higher Education, Trabzon University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Physical therapy and rehabilitation, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2022 Jul;17(4):e12453. doi: 10.1111/opn.12453. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale (Icon-FES) is the first visual scale for fear of falling. Unlike the others, Icon-FES, including 30 items offers a unique perspective to assess the fear of falling by providing more precise contexts.
The study aimed to introduce the 30-item Icon-FES, the first visual content fear of falling scale, into Turkish and to explore its psychometric properties.
First, the Turkish language validity of Icon-FES was ensured by following the forward-backward translation protocol. A total of 150 older adults independent in their daily living activities were included in the study. Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) and Activities Specific Balance and Confidence Scale (ABC), which are frequently preferred in the literature for the same purpose, were used to provide the criterion validity of the scale. The exploratory factor analysis method was utilised for the construct validity of the scale.
Factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure. 52.22% of the total variance was explained with single-factor analysis. In the criterion validity analysis, while there was a strong positive correlation between Icon-FES and FES-I (r = 0.910, p < 0.01), a strong negative correlation was found between Icon-FES and ABC (r = -0.887, p < 0.01). The Cronbach Alpha value for the internal consistency of the scale was calculated as 0.965. The intraclass correlation coefficient between two measurements performed one-week interval was found to be 0.985 (p < 0.001).
The study showed that Icon-FES is a valid, reliable and rapid result assessment tool for community-dwelling older adults without cognitive dysfunction.
Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale（Icon-FES）是第一个专门用于评估跌倒恐惧的视觉量表。与其他量表不同，Icon-FES 包含 30 个项目，通过提供更精确的情境，提供了评估跌倒恐惧的独特视角。
本研究旨在将 30 项 Icon-FES 引入土耳其语，并探讨其心理测量学特性。
首先，通过正向-反向翻译协议确保 Icon-FES 的土耳其语有效性。共有 150 名日常生活活动独立的老年人纳入研究。经常为同一目的在文献中使用的 Falls Efficacy Scale International（FES-I）和 Activities Specific Balance and Confidence Scale（ABC）被用来提供该量表的效标效度。采用探索性因子分析法对量表的结构效度进行分析。
因子分析显示出双因素结构。单因素分析解释了总方差的 52.22%。在效标效度分析中，Icon-FES 与 FES-I 之间存在强烈的正相关（r=0.910，p<0.01），而 Icon-FES 与 ABC 之间存在强烈的负相关（r=-0.887，p<0.01）。该量表的内部一致性的 Cronbach Alpha 值计算为 0.965。两周间隔进行的两次测量的组内相关系数为 0.985（p<0.001）。
该研究表明，Icon-FES 是一种有效、可靠、快速的工具，可用于评估无认知功能障碍的社区居住老年人的结果。
