Falls and Balance Research Group, Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013 Sep;68(9):1098-102. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glt007. Epub 2013 May 16.
This study evaluated psychometric properties of the Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale (Icon-FES) to measure fear of falling in cognitively impaired older people. Icon-FES uses pictures as visual cues to prompt responses.
A total of 50 community-dwelling older people with moderate cognitive impairment were assessed on Icon-FES, Falls Efficacy Scale-International, and various physical and cognitive measures.
Overall structure and measurement properties of Icon-FES, as evaluated with item response theory, were good. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.97). Distribution was near normal, indicating absence of floor and ceiling effects. Icon-FES construct validity was supported by its relation with Falls Efficacy Scale-International (r = .68, p < .001) and its ability to discriminate between groups relating to fall risk factors (gender, balance, falls). Scores were not affected by different levels of cognitive functioning, as assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination and Trail Making Test.
Icon-FES is the first measure of fear of falling that compensates for reduced abstract abilities by using pictures to match the verbal descriptions. This study supports its feasibility, reliability, and validity to assess fear of falling in people with moderate cognitive impairment or dementia living in the community. Compared with Falls Efficacy Scale-International, Icon-FES was better at identifying participants with higher fall risk and did not show a floor effect likely due to a greater range of physically challenging activities.
本研究评估了 Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale（Icon-FES）的心理测量特性，以衡量认知障碍老年人的跌倒恐惧。Icon-FES 使用图片作为视觉提示来提示反应。
共有 50 名居住在社区的中度认知障碍老年人接受了 Icon-FES、国际跌倒效能量表和各种身体和认知测试的评估。
使用项目反应理论评估的 Icon-FES 的整体结构和测量特性良好。内部一致性很高（Cronbach's alpha = 0.97）。分布接近正态，表明不存在地板和天花板效应。Icon-FES 的结构效度得到了支持，因为它与国际跌倒效能量表（r =.68，p <.001）相关，并且能够区分与跌倒危险因素相关的群体（性别、平衡、跌倒）。得分不受不同认知功能水平的影响，如使用简易精神状态检查和连线测试进行评估。
Icon-FES 是第一个通过使用图片来匹配口头描述来补偿抽象能力下降的跌倒恐惧测量工具。本研究支持其在评估居住在社区中的中度认知障碍或痴呆症患者的跌倒恐惧时的可行性、可靠性和有效性。与国际跌倒效能量表相比，Icon-FES 更好地识别了跌倒风险较高的参与者，并且由于具有更大范围的身体挑战性活动，因此没有出现地板效应。
