Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2021 Sep 11;59(241):871-874. doi: 10.31729/jnma.6044.
Typhoid fever, an acute systemic febrile illness caused by Salmonella Typhi & Paratyphi, is an important public health problem in developing countries. It requires frequent observation regarding proper diagnostic protocol and treatment practices. The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of typhoid fever among admitted pediatric patients in a tertiary care center.
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among the admitted patients of pediatric and adolescent medicine of a tertiary care center from August 2016 to May 2018 after obtaining ethical clearance (IRC/609/015). Convenience sampling was used and data was analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social version 11.5. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Among 7450 patients, 151 (2.03%) at 95% Confidence Interval (1.71-2.35) patients were diagnosed with enteric fever of which 85 (56.29%) were male and 66 (43.71%) were female. Common symptoms were fever 151 (100%), and abdominal pain 94 (62.25%). Azithromycin 54 (38.03%) was the most common antibiotic received before presenting to hospital and ceftriaxone 151 (100%) was prescribed to all the patients after admission. Two-third of the patients (96/151) was hospitalized for at least 6 days, with the longest hospital stay of 14 days and shortest of 3 days.
Occurrence rate of Typhoid Fever was similar to other studies. Antibiotic susceptibility could not be well established; further surveillance on typhoid fever and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is recommended.
伤寒是由伤寒沙门氏菌和副伤寒沙门氏菌引起的急性全身发热性疾病，是发展中国家的一个重要公共卫生问题。它需要经常观察，以确保正确的诊断方案和治疗实践。本研究的目的是在一家三级保健中心发现住院儿科患者中伤寒的流行情况。
这是一项在获得伦理批准（IRC/609/015）后，于 2016 年 8 月至 2018 年 5 月在一家三级保健中心的儿科和青少年医学住院患者中进行的描述性横断面研究。使用便利抽样，使用社会科学统计软件包 11.5 进行数据分析。在 95%置信区间内计算点估计值，同时对二进制数据进行频率和比例分析。
在 7450 名患者中，有 151 名（95%置信区间为 1.71-2.35）患者被诊断为肠热病，其中 85 名（56.29%）为男性，66 名（43.71%）为女性。常见症状为发热 151 例（100%），腹痛 94 例（62.25%）。阿奇霉素 54 例（38.03%）是患者在就诊前最常使用的抗生素，所有患者入院后均开处方使用头孢曲松 151 例（100%）。三分之二的患者（96/151）住院至少 6 天，最长住院时间为 14 天，最短为 3 天。
伤寒的发生率与其他研究相似。无法很好地确定抗生素的敏感性；建议对伤寒和抗菌药物敏感性模式进行进一步监测。
