d'Angelo Ivana, Provenzano Romina, Florio Ettore, Pagliuca Chiara, Mantova Giuseppe, Scaglione Elena, Vitiello Mariateresa, Colicchio Roberta, Salvatore Paola, Ungaro Francesca, Quaglia Fabiana, Miro Agnese
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy.
Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Gels. 2022 Jan 29;8(2):87. doi: 10.3390/gels8020087.
Hand hygiene, social distancing, and face covering are considered the first protection against Coronavirus spreading. The high demand during the COVID-19 emergency has driven a frenetic production and marketing of hand sanitizer gels. Nevertheless, the effect of the gelling agent and its amount on the effectiveness of alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHSs) needs to be clarified. We presented a systematic study on the effect of the characteristics and concentration of the most employed excipients on the properties and antimicrobial activity of ABHSs. Three different gelling agents, carbopol, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), and hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), at four different concentrations were used to prepare ABHSs. Viscosity, spreadability, delivery from commercial dispensers, evaporation rate, rubbing time, and hand distribution of the ABHSs were then explored. Biocidal activity of selected ABHSs was evaluated in vitro on ATCC and clinical strains. The studied ABHS can be considered bioactive and comfortable. Nevertheless, the cellulose polymers and ethanol interactions led to a slight but significant reduction in the biocidal activity compared with carbopol-based formulations. Our results underline the importance of the gelling agent properties and support the choice of carbopol as one of the best thickener agents in ABHS formulations.
手部卫生、社交距离和佩戴口罩被视为预防新冠病毒传播的首要防护措施。在新冠疫情紧急期间的高需求推动了洗手液凝胶的疯狂生产和销售。然而，胶凝剂及其用量对酒精基洗手液（ABHSs）有效性的影响仍需阐明。我们针对最常用辅料的特性和浓度对ABHSs的性质及抗菌活性的影响进行了一项系统性研究。使用三种不同的胶凝剂（卡波姆、羟丙基甲基纤维素（HPMC）和羟乙基纤维素（HEC）），以四种不同浓度制备ABHSs。随后探究了ABHSs的粘度、铺展性、从商用分配器中的挤出情况、蒸发速率、揉搓时间以及在手上的分布情况。在体外对选定的ABHSs对美国典型培养物保藏中心（ATCC）菌株和临床菌株的杀菌活性进行了评估。所研究的ABHSs可被认为具有生物活性且使用舒适。然而，与基于卡波姆的配方相比，纤维素聚合物与乙醇的相互作用导致杀菌活性略有但显著降低。我们的结果强调了胶凝剂性质的重要性，并支持选择卡波姆作为ABHSs配方中最佳增稠剂之一。
