I-Ching Chuang, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, and Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, and Assistant Research Fellow, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Wan-Wen Liao, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Gerontological Health Care, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Am J Occup Ther. 2022 Mar 1;76(2). doi: 10.5014/ajot.2022.042218.
Baseline global cognitive function may affect cognitive and functional outcomes during combined physical and cognitive training; however, how it influences the effects of combined training remains uncertain.
To determine the impact of baseline global cognitive function on cognitive and functional outcomes after combined physical and cognitive training among older adults with cognitive decline.
Observational.
Local communities and senior centers.
Older adults with mild cognitive decline (MCD; n = 51) and moderate to severe cognitive decline (MSCD; n = 40).
Participants received 45 to 55 min of physical exercise training followed by 45 to 55 min of cognitive training in one session per week for 12 wk. Outcomes and Measures: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (Lawton-Brody IADL), Word Recall Test (WRT), Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), Digital Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Trail Making Test (TMT) scores were assessed and compared between the MCD and MSCD groups.
Significant interaction effects were found for the WRT, SCWT, MoCA, and Lawton-Brody IADL. WRT and SCWT scores significantly improved in the MCD group, whereas MoCA and Lawton-Brody IADL scores significantly improved in the MSCD group. DSST scores increased among all participants, but TMT scores improved only in the MCD group.
Older adults' baseline global cognitive function affected cognitive and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) outcomes regarding combined training. High-level cognitive function, including inhibition and shifting abilities and working memory capacity, improved among older adults with MCD, whereas general cognitive function and IADLs improved among older adults with MSCD. What This Article Adds: Findings revealed domain-specific changes with respect to baseline cognitive function, which may help to refine current combined training protocols and facilitate development of personalized combined training programs for older adults with cognitive impairments.
基线整体认知功能可能会影响认知和功能训练的结果；然而，它如何影响联合训练的效果仍不确定。
确定基线整体认知功能对认知和功能结果的影响，对认知下降的老年人进行身体和认知联合训练。
观察性。
当地社区和老年人中心。
轻度认知障碍（MCD；n=51）和中度至重度认知障碍（MSCD；n=40）的老年人。
参与者每周接受一次，每次 45 至 55 分钟的身体运动训练，然后是 45 至 55 分钟的认知训练。
蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）、Lawton-Brody 日常生活活动工具性评估量表（Lawton-Brody IADL）、词语回忆测试（WRT）、Stroop 颜色和词语测试（SCWT）、数字符号替代测试（DSST）和连线测试（TMT）的得分，比较 MCD 和 MSCD 组之间的差异。
在 WRT、SCWT、MoCA 和 Lawton-Brody IADL 方面发现了显著的交互效应。MCD 组的 WRT 和 SCWT 分数显著提高，而 MSCD 组的 MoCA 和 Lawton-Brody IADL 分数显著提高。所有参与者的 DSST 分数都有所增加，但 TMT 分数仅在 MCD 组中有所提高。
老年人的基线整体认知功能影响了他们对联合训练的认知和工具性日常生活活动（IADL）的结果。高水平的认知功能，包括抑制和转移能力以及工作记忆能力，在 MCD 老年人中得到改善，而一般认知功能和 IADL 在 MSCD 老年人中得到改善。本文的意义：研究结果揭示了与基线认知功能相关的特定领域的变化，这可能有助于完善当前的联合训练方案，并为认知障碍老年人制定个性化的联合训练方案。
